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Hadjipanayi, Veronica; Ludwig, Casimir J. H.; Kent, Christopher – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
In many real-life contexts, observers are required to search for targets that are rarely present (e.g. tumours in X-rays; dangerous items in airport security screenings). Despite the rarity of these items, they are of enormous importance for the health and safety of the public, yet they are easily missed during visual search. This is referred to…
Descriptors: Search Strategies, Observation, Visual Discrimination, Visual Perception
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Greene, Nathaniel R.; Naveh-Benjamin, Moshe – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Assessing the time course under which underlying memory representations can be formed is an important question for understanding memory. Several studies assessing item memory have shown that gist representations of items are laid out more rapidly than verbatim representations. However, for associations among items/components, which form the core…
Descriptors: Memory, Comprehension, Cognitive Processes, Visual Discrimination
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Bethany Growns; James D. Dunn; Rebecca K. Helm; Alice Towler; Erwin J. A. T. Mattijssen; Kristy A. Martire – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Perceptual expertise is typically domain-specific and rarely generalises beyond an expert's domain of experience. Forensic feature-comparison examiners outperform the norm in domain-specific visual comparison, but emerging research suggests that they show advantages on other similar tasks outside their domain of expertise. For example, fingerprint…
Descriptors: Crime, Expertise, Experience, Transfer of Training
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Akvile Sinkeviciute; Julien Mayor; Mila Dimitrova Vulchanova; Natalia Kartushina – Language Learning, 2024
Color terms divide the color spectrum differently across languages. Previous studies have reported that speakers of languages that have different words for light and dark blue (e.g., Russian "siniy" and "goluboy") discriminate color chips sampled from these two linguistic categories faster than speakers of languages that use…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Bilingualism, Color, Visual Discrimination
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Yuan, Chengan; Deng, Xiaolei; Zhu, Jing; Wang, Chongying – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2023
Instruction in auditory-visual conditional discriminations for young children with autism spectrum disorder is typically based on either a conditional-only or a simple-conditional method. In this study, we evaluated a modified simple-conditional method in which we removed the steps for which visual comparisons were presented in isolation. We…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Auditory Discrimination, Visual Discrimination
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Skelton, Alice E.; Maule, John; Franklin, Anna – Child Development Perspectives, 2022
A remarkable amount of perceptual development occurs in the first year after birth. In this article, we spotlight the case of color perception. We outline how within just 6 months, infants go from very limited detection of color as newborns to a more sophisticated perception of color that enables them to make sense of objects and the world around…
Descriptors: Infants, Visual Perception, Perceptual Development, Color
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He, Huizhong; Zhang, Yunxiang; Su, Mengmeng; Yi, Lixin; Lv, Jiayi – Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 2023
Deaf and hearing adults perceive faces differently. This study investigates whether these differences are acquired during childhood development. We characterized facial perception in deaf and hearing children aged 7-17 using a perceptual discrimination task. Configural and featural information was manipulated in the eye and mouth facial regions.…
Descriptors: Deafness, Children, Adolescents, Visual Perception
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Cariveau, Tom; Ellington, Paige; Brown, Alexandria; Platt, Delanie F. – Education and Treatment of Children, 2023
Previous research on training auditory-visual conditional discriminations (AVCDs) have compared several prompt types including gestural, positional, and identity-matching prompts. Other prompting procedures, such as those that involve the manipulation of the comparison array, have received less attention in the applied literature. For example, the…
Descriptors: Auditory Discrimination, Visual Discrimination, Training, Conditioning
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Christy Fleck; Katie Allen – Anatomical Sciences Education, 2024
Speech-language pathologists need to accurately identify structures/landmarks on swallow imaging. Foundational learning begins in graduate training. This study aimed to determine graduate student accuracy at identifying anatomical structures/landmarks during swallow evaluations and to determine if accuracy was predicted by type of imaging,…
Descriptors: Graduate Students, Speech Language Pathology, Anatomy, Visual Acuity
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Marris, Jessica E.; Perfors, Andrew; Mitchell, David; Wang, Wayland; McCusker, Mark W.; Lovell, Timothy John Haynes; Gibson, Robert N.; Gaillard, Frank; Howe, Piers D. L. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2023
Recent work has shown that perceptual training can be used to improve the performance of novices in real-world visual classification tasks with medical images, but it is unclear which perceptual training methods are the most effective, especially for difficult medical image discrimination tasks. We investigated several different perceptual…
Descriptors: Informed Consent, Radiology, Perception, Visual Discrimination
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Ray, Deepshikha – International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2023
This study purports to bridge the gap in research directed at people with Low Functioning Autism (LFA) by exploring if sensory discrimination ability can be used to assess cognitive functioning in children with LFA. The study was done in two phases: (i) a pilot phase (with 4 male participants; mean age = 3 years 6.5 months)--which tried to…
Descriptors: Sensory Experience, Discrimination Learning, Children, Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Baccolo, Elisa; Peykarjou, Stefanie; Quadrelli, Ermanno; Conte, Stefania; Macchi Cassia, Viola – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Adults and children easily distinguish between fine-grained variations in trustworthiness intensity based on facial appearance, but the developmental origins of this fundamental social skill are still debated. Using a fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) oddball paradigm coupled with electroencephalographic (EEG) recording, we investigated…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Nonverbal Communication, Cues, Adults
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Lee, Jungwon; Penrod, Steven D. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
The current research conducted a three-level meta-analysis with a total of 159 journal articles on the other-race bias in facial identification, which had been published between 1969 and 2021. The effect size analysis yielded moderate pooled effect sizes of the other-race bias on face identification--people showed higher hit rates and…
Descriptors: Human Body, Identification, Racial Factors, Recognition (Psychology)
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Carlson, Curt A.; Hemby, Jacob A.; Wooten, Alex R.; Jones, Alyssa R.; Lockamyeir, Robert F.; Carlson, Maria A.; Dias, Jennifer L.; Whittington, Jane E. – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2021
The diagnostic feature-detection theory (DFT) of eyewitness identification is based on facial information that is diagnostic versus non-diagnostic of suspect guilt. It primarily has been tested by discounting non-diagnostic information at retrieval, typically by surrounding a single suspect showup with good fillers to create a lineup. We tested…
Descriptors: Identification, Recognition (Psychology), Criminals, Recall (Psychology)
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Robson, Samuel G.; Searston, Rachel A.; Edmond, Gary; McCarthy, Duncan J.; Tangen, Jason M. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2020
Perceptual experts have learned to rapidly and accurately perceive the structural regularities that define categories and identities within a domain. They extract important features and their relations more efficiently than novices. We used fingerprint examination to investigate expert-novice differences in feature choice. On each fingerprint…
Descriptors: Expertise, Novices, Criminology, Genetics
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