The on going debate about the (World Trade Organisation) General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) framework brings out conflicting views about cross-border education the world over. Between the enthusiastic views of trade promoters, at one end, and the sceptical reflections of academics with a traditional outlook, at the other, there are many…

What international framework, if any, is higher education subject to in terms of its work, not in the sense of validating its programmes or safeguarding its academic freedom, but in terms of its funding, its operating environment and its stakeholders? Is it viewed as a business in some sense? Is it subject to trade rules and negotiations? All of…

The Ottawa Treaty of 1862 provided that a 20,000-acre parcel of tribal land be used to endow a school for the benefit of the Ottawa Indians. This book is a case study of manipulation and fraud, whereby the Ottawas were promised a university, paid for most of it, and then lost it in the offices of bureaucrats. Thanks to investigations at several…

Three papers on nuclear weapons and nuclear war, based on talks given by distinguished physicists during an American Physical Society-sponsored symposium, are provided in this booklet. They include "Caught Between Asymptotes" (Philip Morrison), "We are not Inferior to the Soviets" (Hans A. Bethe), and "MAD vs. NUTS"…

Six presentations, an introduction, and a summary discussion are included in this publication, which focuses on the various complex factors involved in the negotiation of arms control agreements with the Soviet Union. Titles of the six presentations are: (1) Critical Issues in the United States-Soviet Relationship; (2) Basic Elements of Strategic…

The conference considered a broad range of issues regarding nuclear nonproliferation and U.S. policy objectives for the nonproliferation regime both in the near term and long term. Major areas receiving particular attention were developments affecting the context of the nonproliferation debate; the present status of the nonproliferation regime;…

First in a series of articles about American Indian treaties, this article briefly discusses the historical background of treaties and their importance today. (NQ)

The document is submitted pursuant to a contract with the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, in preparation for hearings held in New Mexico during November 1972. It covers the protection and preservation of the land and water rights of the American Indian tribes in the Southwest, which is as vital as any problem which now confronts the Pueblo…

The article discusses the: (1) history of the Qualla Cherokees--their villages, the seven clans, the Cherokee Nation, and the Trail of Tears; and (2) Qualla Cherokees today--their tribal government, education, and annual fall festival. (NQ)

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which brought an official end to the Mexican American War (1846-1848) was signed on February 2, 1848. Nicholas Trist, chief clerk of the U.S. Statement Department at the time, negotiated the peace treaty in defiance of 1845-1849 President James K. Polk. Trist believed that Mexico must surrender fully, including…

From the 1860s through the 1870s the U.S. frontier saw many Indian wars and skirmishes. A study and report on the conditions of the Indian tribes, released in 1867, led to an act to establish an Indian Peace Commission to end the wars and prevent future Indian conflicts. In the spring of 1868 a conference was held at Fort Laramie (Wyoming) that…

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations in Paris, December 10, 1948. The vote was 48 to 0, but 8 countries abstained from voting. The Declaration is a statement of principles approved a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations. It is not a treaty and therefore…

The General Agreement on Trade in Services gives priority to international commercial interests, and unless this trend is countered, public policy authority for education will shift to the World Trade Organization. While the Canadian government has stated that public education systems are not negotiable, the exclusion provisions it bases that…