An experiment was conducted on the effects of two teacher variables and student engagement on science achievement. The variables included: teacher wait-time, defined as the length of the pause preceding a teacher utterance; and questioning quality, a generic term used to describe cognitive level, clarity, and relevance of questioning. Thirteen…

Individually Guided Education (IGE) is a complex educational system intended to enable the elementary school to provide an environment where students learn at a rate and in a manner appropriate to their own learning styles. This descriptive study concerns the implementation of the Wisconsin Design for Reading Skill Development (WDRSD), an…

The improvement of student engaged time leads to instructional improvement. Major steps for improving instruction by improving student engaged time are information collection, comparison of information and identification of strategies, selection and preparation of strategies, and implementation and re-evaluation. This leader's guide covers the…

The major objective of this study was to determine if the achievement of students in a two-hour block would be comparable to students in a three-hour block. Data on student attitudes, attendance, and dropout rates were also gathered to see if there were any positive correlations between resultant data in these areas and student achievement in the…

Three assumptions underlying the use of norm referenced tests are examined: (1) that expressing treatment effects in a standard score metric permits aggregation of effects across grades; (2) commonly used standardized tests are sufficiently comparable to permit aggregation of results across tests; and (3) the summer loss of achievement observed in…

This report provides descriptive data on allocated time in reading and mathematics for grades two and five as reported by a sample of California teachers participating in one phase of the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study. The procedures used by teachers to record information are described and data are presented for the A-B period, October to…

A BRIEF SURVEY OF THE RESEARCH ON FLES REVEALS THE NEED FOR GREATER STUDY IN MANY AREAS IN ORDER TO FULLY EVALUATE FLES PROGRAMS. SOME FINDINGS INDICATE THAT YOUNG CHILDREN CAN ACQUIRE PRONUNCIATION SKILLS MORE RAPIDLY AND EASILY THAN ADULTS, BUT IN OTHER AREAS OF LANGUAGE STUDY THERE IS A STRONG POSSIBILITY THAT THE TIME SPENT IN STUDY IS A MORE…

It is unsafe to estimate achievement test norms for fall testing by linear interpolation between norms for the previous spring testing and norms for the following spring. Second grade students were tested in reading and arithmetic in the fall and in the spring to provide pre-test and post-test data for evaluation of academic growth. Three…

This study addressed two basic questions; (1) Do individually guided education (IGE) schools cost more or exhibit different expenditure patterns than non-IGE schools? (2) Do instructional personnel in IGE schools allocate their time differently than instructional personnel in non-IGE schools? Data were obtained from a random sample of 41 IGE…

In order to investigate the hypothesis that the conceptualization of sequence precedes that of simultaneity in child development, and to explore the use of elicited imitation in studying lexical acquisition, 32 subjects between 3 and 5 years of age were asked to verbally imitate a list of sentences. The constructions combined simple and reverse…

This approach to the study of classroom teaching-learning processes concentrates on pupil time and the various ways in which it is used. The conceptual framework contrasts with most earlier studies that report teacher behavior as the most direct influence on pupil achievement. Two premises form the basis of the framework: (1) The total amount of…

The document evaluates Navy Mental Group Four personnel gains in competency of basic communication and computational skills after taking the Practical Arithmetic Self-Study course. Categorized as Group Four by receiving scores from the 10th to the 30th percentile on the Armed Forces Qualification test, trainees received instruction in…

This study investigated learning through listening at rates ranging from 78 to 428 words per minute (wpm). The sample consisted of 117 elementary school children, from two levels of intelligence. Immediate and one-week retention data were gathered on each subject. Results of the study indicate that listening rates of 228 and 278 wpm are more…

Sixty young men between 18 and 26 years of age and 60 within the 65-75 year age range, matched for verbal ability and socioeconomic status, were given two paired associate learning tasks differing in level of difficulty under neutral, supportive, and challenging instructions. Older persons revealed a greater performance decrement on the more…

This report investigates perceptual functioning in the kindergarten first-grade period for slow- and average-maturing children. Two sets of auditory and visual tasks were devised: (1) identifying the first of an ordered pair of lights or tones when speed of presentation was a factor, and (2) categorizing each stimulus signal either by a uni- or…