This study deals with the urban school system as a contracting agency which must negotiate with an organized group of employees who formerly were relatively powerless in presenting demands. The focus of the study is on the contracts drawn between the boards of education of New York City and Detroit with the respective teachers' unions in these…

This publication represents the combined efforts of the participants in a workshop held at the University of Wyoming. The writings discuss accountability at the national, State, and local levels and explain the application of planning, programing, and budgeting systems to be accountability concept. The report presents methods for evaluating both…

This speech assesses potential deterrents to the implementation of accountability in education. The author divides these deterrents into (1) philosophical-ideological; humanist-behaviorist conflicts, individuality versus "techno-urban fascism," and accountability systems tied to the achievement of cognitive objectives at the lower end of Bloom's…

The debate continues as to whether the principal should be more closely allied with management or with teachers in the negotiations arena. Ultimately, however, most principals will gravitate toward the management corner; principals of large school districts will form independent bargaining units; principals in smaller districts will be more…

In the first section on grievance procedures, this report gives important suggestions to administrators and teachers, discusses the roles of administrators and chapter chairmen in grievance processing, and provides a one-page grievance formula. In the second section on grievance arbitration, the report (1) discusses the rationale for binding…

This report summarizes, for 38 of the 43 States whose legislatures sat during the first eight months of the 1972 calendar year, major legislative achievements and defeats as identified by State education associations. It provides a State-by-State listing of association goals, indicates the extent to which these goals were realized, and points up…

Presents rationale for having preservice agriculture education students served by agricultural education clubs or societies, rather than by Collegiate Future Farmers of America (FFA) chapters. He states that national and state vocational teacher organizations would not identify with irrelevant ceremonies, but rather with the students' future…

Questions whether professional organizations have had much positive effect on art teaching and art literacy, stating that the contributions of teacher and arts education groups have been contradictory. Examines the structure of various organizations, arguing that too many replicate objectives and territory. Makes suggestions for improving…

Critiques Chester Finn's analysis (EA 518 431, this issue) of teachers unions, outlining the ambiguities in Finn's theories. (MD)

This paper discusses the development of teacher professionalism over the years, focusing on four phases of the changing nature of teachers' professionalism: the pre-professional age (before the 1960s), the age of the autonomous professionals (beginning in the 1960s), the age of the collegial professional beginning in the mid-1980s), and the fourth…

This paper discusses dynamics of educational systems that can influence professional development. It begins by suggesting that adjusting education systems to support sustained, high-quality professional development for all teachers can be compared to developing dynamic, passionate orchestras whose productions touch their audiences and bring joy…

This policy brief analyzes state charter school laws in light of American Federation of Teachers criteria for strong legislation and examines current findings concerning whether charter schools are living up to the bright claims touted by their advocates or the dire consequences predicted by their foes. It also details emerging issues regarding…

Structural reforms in New Zealand attempted to remove teacher unions from any policy role, and these reforms sought to remove the unions from any involvement in education policy. Ten years later, in spite of a highly charged media campaign and the active anti-unionism of the industrial legislation, teachers still have an important voice in…

Author advocates setting up a voucher agency for teachers, a modification of the educational voucher plan, to encourage accountability in education. (SP)