In a clustered observational study, a treatment is assigned to groups and all units within the group are exposed to the treatment. We develop a new method for statistical adjustment in clustered observational studies using approximate balancing weights, a generalization of inverse propensity score weights that solve a convex optimization problem…

Undergraduate economics degrees awarded by U.S. colleges and universities increased almost 12 percent from 2013 through 2015, then stabilized at a little above the 2015 level until 2018, after which they began an accelerating decline over the past five years to end back at a little below 2015 levels.

The limitations of Cohen's ? are reviewed and an alternative G-index is recommended for assessing nominal-scale agreement. Maximum likelihood estimates, standard errors, and confidence intervals for a two-rater G-index are derived for one-group and two-group designs. A new G-index of agreement for multirater designs is proposed. Statistical…

The National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD) snapshots offer a glimpse of National and State trends for young people who are receiving Independent Living Services through state child welfare programs. This Outcomes Data Snapshot shows statistical trends about who those young people are, their experiences and outcomes for those both in care and…

Textbooks offer instructors an opportunity to promote data visualization and statistical literacy throughout the sociology curriculum. In this study, we examined 463 data visualizations from 27 textbooks for Introduction to Sociology, Social Problems, and intermediate elective courses to illuminate the range of data visualizations and their use of…

I review opportunities and threats that widely accessible Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered services present for educational statistics and measurement. Algorithmic and computational advances continue to improve approaches to item generation, scale maintenance, test security, test scoring, and score reporting. Predictable misuses of AI for…

The National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD) snapshots offer a glimpse of National and State trends for young people who are receiving Independent Living Services through state child welfare programs. This Outcomes Data Snapshot shows statistical trends about who those young people are, their experiences and outcomes for those both in care and…

Low-skilled adults in literacy in English are those with skills insufficient to complete tasks requiring comparing and contrasting information, paraphrasing, or making low-level inferences. Low-skilled adults in numeracy in English are those who would have difficulty making calculations with whole numbers and percentages, estimating numbers or…

Official communications and media news in Greece about the COVID-19 pandemic very often involve a multitude of numerical concepts and mathematical relationships, which are presented in different forms and in various contexts. This paper reports selected findings of a survey among adults, which had two aims. First, to investigate their subjective…

This is the fifth in a series of statistical articles for mathematics teachers. In this article the authors discuss graphs for exploring relationships between one categorical variable and one numerical variable using stemplots and boxplots and between two numerical variables, using scatterplots and time series plots. [For "The Data Files 4:…

The education landscape in the United States has been changing rapidly in recent decades: student populations have become more diverse; there has been an explosion of data sources; there is an intensified focus on diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility; educators and policy makers at all levels want more and better data for evidence-based…

The proliferation of standardized testing and administrative statistics in compulsory education is embedded in the rise to prominence of quantified accountability as a mechanism of education governance. Numbers work by stripping away the contexts of their production and the granular and ambiguous detail of the phenomena they claim to represent.…

There is wide variability in the special education eligibility criteria for deafblindness across the United States. This study was a novel examination of variations in state factors, including eligibility criteria for deafblindness, to identify potential relationships between state factors and the number of students who are deafblind during the…

The aim of the current study was to investigate the statistical literacy of seventh grade students regarding the concepts of average and variation on bar and line graphs presented in alternative real-life contexts. To this end, the statistical literacy levels of the seventh grade students were initially determined. Subsequently, definitions,…

The purpose of this study was to examine the current status of female leadership representation in four states identified from four regions of the United States. A descriptive approach to content analysis was used to examine postsecondary institutional website profiles with public access for females in executive leadership positions. Findings…