The issue of intellectual freedom as it came up at various meetings during the American Library Association Midwinter Meeting (Chicago, January 18-24, 1970). (JB)

A 3-year study of 505 misdemeanor offenders in Houston (Texas) was conducted to assess the feasibility of adopting a policy of sanctions alternative to prison sentences for this class of criminal. The most salient finding was the emergence of probation as a superior sanction. (TJH)

Texts such as No Child Left Behind (NCLB) contribute to the contexts in which one works because of the restrictions and sanctions they impose upon teachers and children. As others in this issue discuss in more detail, NCLB has a punitive edge that can replace teachers, decrease local school control, and change curriculum (L. Meyer, 2003). In this…

This article reports the results of a survey of cell phone policies in university libraries conducted over a three-month period in 2005. The authors sought information about the libraries' problems regarding cell phone use and attendant noise by students and other library users. The authors began with an 18-question survey of one hundred…

Relatively little research has examined the outcomes (either program completion or recidivism) of community service (CS) sentences among adult offenders in the United States, despite the fact that this form of alternative sanction has been employed in the United States for nearly 40 years. What little research exists, primarily from Europe,…

Ways in which schools can handle student discipline problems are described in this Digest, which asserts that effective strategies aim to encourage responsible behavior and provide all students with a satisfying school experience. The document outlines the school characteristics associated with discipline problems, examines ways to decrease…

Literature concerning teachers' right to strike was reviewed. Three major themes were addressed: (1) the present state of arguments against teacher strikes; (2) their refutation by various individuals within the profession; and (3) arguments that were basic in demonstrating that the preponderance of evidence has shifted to the inevitable…

This selective bibliography on censorship and the nature of obscenity lists 19 lower and Supreme Court decisions (1727-1967) and 21 articles published in law reviews from 1938 through 1967. The Judges' opinions in the court cases are quoted to suggest the direction in which the courts are moving in regard to the interpretation of obscenity. (SW)

To investigate the impact of teacher militancy on principals, a questionnaire was administered to 121 principals from four selected Indiana cities that had experienced either teacher strikes or sanctions within the past 5 years. Although a majority of the principals responding were undecided as to the relative effectiveness of sanctions or…

Naturally protected by its distance from most migrant routes and with a long undefended border with the U.S., a parliamentary system capable of responding rapidly to problems, and a small legal and even smaller illegal immigrant population, Canada has experimented with novel immigration policies to encourage and control its population increase.…

Policymakers and educators are taking a new look at incentives as they work to improve accountability systems. This ERIC Digest examines the role of rewards and sanctions in school reform and identifies key issues in implementing incentive systems. The new accountability is based on five components: carefully designed standards, assessments…

Argues that administrators must be able to cope (with strikes) in a manner that least compromises the instructional program for students. (Author)

This study tested Gross's theory of role conflict resolution by collecting measures on the predictor variables in advance of the time at which principals encountered and resolved role conflict, and by closely replicating other procedures used by Gross. The Accuracy of predictions failed to exceed levels of chance, casting serious doubt on the…