The present article is designed to study the attitudes of young villagers toward living in the city or in the countryside as a condition that is essential for the reproduction of the social and professional structure of the countryside, a structure that has become deformed in the past few years and is not up to current requirements. The study is conducted in terms of two main criteria: (1) a life support system for the population on a level that serves to prevent their physical and moral degradation; and (2) measures to ensure the region's food security. Among other things, the author discusses the problems of young people living in the countryside and the necessary solutions to help solve these problems. (Contains 3 tables.)