A growing debate exists over the possibility that various types of external rewards may have negative effects on intrinsic motivation. Past research has produced conflicting results. The present study examines past research in light of behavioral principles and utilizes single-subject research methods to examine the potential effects of…

The need for objectivity in evaluating faculty is briefly addressed, and a model by which professional activities may be quantified is presented. A list of possible activities ranked in groups of equal point value, by which faculty can generate merit points, is presented. An attempt was made to equalize the potential point production values in…

THE PRESENT STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO DETERMINE WITHIN GROUP PLAY THERAPY--(1) THE COMBINATION OF EXPERIENCES WHICH PRODUCE THE GREATEST CHANGE IN BEHAVIORS AND THE EMOTIONAL STATE, AND (2) WHETHER TREATMENT INCLUDING TANGIBLE REWARDS PRODUCE MORE CHANGE THAN TREATMENT EXCLUDING THEM. THE 11 THIRD-GRADE BOYS REFERRED BY TEACHERS BECAUSE OF THEIR SHY,…

This study focused on the processes occurring during the waiting period in delay of gratification situations. Sixty-four middle class preschool children chose between waiting for a preferred item and receiving a less desired item immediately. The items were of different classes, i. e., one food and one toy, and subjects waited with one, both, or…

This paper represents a report of a year-long case study of the implementation of a token economy in an entire elementary school. The effort was intended to provide teachers with an alternative to corporal punishment as a form of school discipline. In this report, both the successful and unsuccessful procedures are described in chronological…

A job-related system for evaluating faculty performance in a college of business is examined. The method emphasizes the role of the department chair, links weighted faculty responsibilities in teaching, scholarship, and service, and uses results in annual evaluations and salary recommendations. (Author/MLW)

The chairman of the National Governors' Association summarizes the group's report entitled "Time for Results: The Governors' 1991 Report on Education" and discusses the governors' role in the current state of public and teacher education, in the movement for change, and in maintaining momentum for continued improvement. (MSE)

Examines developmental differences among children and adults in causal reasoning concerning story characters who were offered various inducements to behave helpfully. Results indicate that external consequences enhanced attributions of internal motivation for kindergartners and reduced such attributions for older subjects. (Author/DB)

The quality of education in the United States has been seriously damaged by two factors: equality of opportunity equated with the results of education (unless all students perform equally well, the system is judged to be unjust); and societal preoccupation with self-satisfaction and rejection of personal responsibility. (MLW)

Argues that college faculty evaluation policies, procedures, and criteria emphasize technical rather than substantive aspects of teaching, focus on process over outcomes, lack strategic concern for institutional use of evaluation data, and deemphasize discipline. Recommends evaluating three aspects of teaching (planning, implementation, results),…

The effects of an incentive (money) on the motivation of students taking the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) mathematics test were studied. Results with 749 8th graders and 719 12th graders indicate that, at least for 8th graders, student effort can be increased by financial rewards and that this effort results in higher scores.…

Describes study of fifth and sixth grade Jewish Israeli students that tested the hypothesis that intrinsic motivation will be differentially affected by task-involving and ego-involving evaluation. Three feedback conditions involving grades and individual comments are explained, and results are discussed in terms of student interest and…

Efforts of Ball State University (Indiana) to internationalize its curriculum are described, focusing on the process used to develop a curriculum and on program considerations. Major problems addressed were student attitudes, faculty expectations, and institutional budgetary constraints. Goals were identified for the curriculum, faculty/student…

A comparison of comprehensive college and university administrators' attitudes toward faculty behavior and of their institutions' reward systems found that, though administrators valued teaching and service, salaries rewarded research and publishing. (JB)

Universities can effectively employ regional accreditation processes in striving to find legitimate means and credible mechanisms for more equitably evaluating faculty teaching and professional work. Examples from accreditation show how institutions can ensure compliance while establishing strong evaluation procedures for faculty service and…