Considers the epistemological implications of a changing understanding of reality, based on contemporary connections between rhetoric as epistemic (questioning underlying assumptions about modernist conceptualizations of science and language) and quantum physics (rejecting the notion of an objective reality existing independent of observers).…

Maintains that Shweder, Helwig, and the other respondents to Gabennesch attribute to Gabennesch a denial of moral law and that this is a misinterpretation of the argument. Maintains that the critics deny the implications of the social construction of reality, leading them to reject the concept of transparency. Describes alleged shortcomings of the…

The perspectives that distinguish engineers and the public they serve and the educational implications of those perspectives are discussed. The philosophies of utilitarianism, ethical egoism, positivism, and idealism are presented in terms of engineers and the public. (KR)

Assessed how attention toward a visual model affects children's production of visually realistic drawings. Found that spontaneous increase in attention toward models accompanied progression from intellectual to visual realism and that drawing performance of younger children was enhanced by contrasting tasks and explicit instructions. For all, use…

Discusses how teaching activities and assessment strategies in a nursing curriculum can be tailored to four philosophy frameworks: idealism, realism, pragmatism, and humanism. (SK)

Our criticism and evaluation of young adult literature is tempered not only by the scope of our knowledge of adolescent literature in general, but also by our notions of adolescence, itself. Adolescent literature that, in Michael Cart's terminology, "shatters the shibboleths" of adolescence and adolescent culture, has the potential to re-shape the…

An introduction and explanation of the epistemological differences of quantitative and qualitative research paradigms is first provided, followed by an overview of the realist philosophical paradigm, which attempts to accommodate the two. From this foundational discussion, the paper then introduces the concept of meaning making in research methods…

There are selected philosophies in the teaching of mathematics that can provide guidance to the teacher in developing the curriculum. This paper discusses four philosophies of teaching mathematics. (1) Idealism stresses that the pupil lives in an idea-centered mathematical world, but not an objective real world. Abstract content is prized more…

The ideas and techniques of post-modernist art and the imagist theatre represent an important preparatory stage in the revival of poetic drama. During the 1960s and early 1970s, a number of experimental companies rebelled against the realism of the American theatre and began to produce works that stressed emotional authenticity in acting, active…

Interviews were conducted with 721 students in fourth, sixth, and eighth grades to study whether children's perceived reality of television would affect the relationship between pro-social and anti-social television content and pro-social and anti-social behavior. Social behavior variables, a perceived reality index, and television exposure…

The use of realism is valuable in children's literature when it fulfills these requirements: the subject is familiar to children; the characters are convincing; and the story is interesting, presents a hopeful solution, and deals courageously with the issues that touch the lives of the young readers. Relevant realism responds to the curiosity,…

Suggests that individuals may differentially identify with and learn from media presentation in terms of whether the images are structured as real or fictional events, and that, independent of the inherent real or fictional structure of the given events, the television format has a fictionalizing capacity in and out of itself. (JMF)

The label "new realism" applied to some adolescent novels conceals the conventional values that are being affirmed in these books. (IRT)

Argues that recent discussions of "reality" have failed to differentiate clearly between two levels: the level of things, people and events that can, for most purposes, reasonably be taken as existing "out there"; and the level of the meanings that can be applied to them by an observer. (Author/ABB)

Examination of a subset of books popular with young adults--problem novels or young adult realism--is based on deductions concerning nature of reading response that text invites. Young adult realism as formula of popular culture, changes in conventions, narrators and narratees, and identification and distance are discussed. (34 references) (EJS)