The outcomes of children's exposures to others' positive and negative emotions were examined developmentally. Twenty-four infants in three age cohorts (10, 15, and 20 months old) were studied for 9 months. Mothers reported the child's reactions to naturally occurring events in which emotions were expressed; in addition, each week mothers simulated…

In a single case study which incorporated a reversal within a multiple-baseline-across-subjects design, two women presented individual children (N=3) with eight natural-appearing opportunities to behave prosocially in each session (two opportunities each of helping, sharing, teaching, and sympathy). The training procedure involved a standardized…

Ninety-five college students participated in an investigation of the arousal and observational learning effects produced by television viewing. The subjects were assigned to one of three experimental television viewing conditions: a serious dramatic presentation with high physical and verbal violence, a comedy with high verbal conflict but no…

This paper is a report of a study which explores the relative contributions of norms, modeling, positive affect, and empathy to generalized reciprocity (prior help by one person leading to greater helpfulness by the recipient toward another person). Preschool children were randomly assigned to one of six groups and individually exposed to two…

In an effort to test the effectiveness of verbal instruction in diminishing aggressive behavior, eight aggressive preschool children were individually instructed by their teacher on the harm that results from aggression, its lack of effects as an interpersonal strategy, and the benefits that result from prosocial alternatives. The eight subjects…

This paper describes a one-year longitudinal follow up study of the long term effects of role taking training procedures (in which children assumed a number of perspectives) on children's social and cognitive behaviors. Longitudinal and cross-sectional age effects were also analyzed. In an earlier study the effect of two types of role-taking…

Relationships among social cognition, social interaction, and general cognition were studied in 109 three-year-old children. Social cognition was assessed by seven frequently used tests; general cognition was gauged by the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities. Social interaction was observed while each child played with a friend in a laboratory…

The concept of entrapment, viewed as a conceptual framework for social interaction skills training, is a behavioral process whereby newly acquired social responses come under the control of naturally occurring reinforcers, usually the social behavior of peers. Selection of target behaviors and intervention procedures to promote entrapment are…

Offers and tests a model of the relationship between self-rejection and deviance, mediated by disposition to deviance. Results indicate self-rejection has a strong direct effect on disposition to deviance, which in turn has a strong relationship to deviant behavior. (TRS)

Examines the parental disciplinary practices under which children's modeling of prosocial television portrayals are likely to be maximized and minimized. Two types of enduring parental styles of discipline--induction and sensitization--were used in gathering data from a field survey which employed mother-child pairs. (Author/DST)

The field of psychology has offered many theories to explain the phenomenon of ethnopolitical conflict. Some psychologists have taken aspects of these theories from the research laboratory and have begun to develop and implement strategies for clinical application. In this regard, this paper suggests three distinctive roles for clinical…

The purpose of this study was to determine how well various peer nomination factors predict to long-term low frequency but highly disruptive elementary age classroom behaviors that result in school disciplinary action. Peer nomination measures to determine six factors (prosocial, social preference, overt aggression, relational aggression,…

This bibliography lists and indexes a total of 124 papers presented during five international conferences held during the 1990s on the topic of peace education. This miniprint aims to make it easier for peace researchers and peace educators to locate conference contributions of special interest to them. The guide has been organized into three…

A recent approach to dealing with adolescent problems is social skills training, which emphasizes specific prosocial alternative responses for problematic situational interactions. Research has shown that social skills training has positive outcomes. However, it is not known whether an emphasis on the cognitive might enhance maintenance and…

This article briefly describes Live Oak School, a nongraded, parent-run alternative for ages 4-13, whose main concern is providing a positive and supportive learning environment. Its affective objectives for learners and teachers in the areas of self-concept, responsibility, and positive social interaction are outlined. (SJL)