This document contains several papers that were prepared for the 65th annual meeting of the Carnegie Foundation in November 1970. The first paper, "European Universities as Partisans" by Fritz Machlup, traces the slow development of the principle of the nonpartisan and doctrinally uncommitted university as a proper shield of individual academic…

Reasons for George McGovern's presidential election failure are summarized in the context of McGovern's rhetoric as a challenger. Taking the point of view that McGovern abandoned the traditional rhetorical advantages of the challenger, the authors conclude that this abandonment along with the problems of financing, the impression of alignment with…

Focuses on five types of political alienation: estrangement; negative evaluation of the American political system, negative evaluation of the competence of public officials, negative evaluation of the motives of public officials, and rejection of the institution of elections. (Author/AM)

Focusing on the sociopolitical roles and role behaviors of university students, as compared with those of the so-called working class, this study analyzed data collected by questionnaire from 1000 students at the University of Rome in May 1969. (JM)

This study reports on long-range consequences of student political activism, studying former civil rights activists, student government members, and apolitical undergraduates; it was hypothesized that variation in political activism would be linked with differing occupations and political orientations. (Author/JM)

Scores of almost one thousand student-teachers and post-graduate students in the Faculty of Education at Edmonton on thirty key variables of personality, values, educational and social attitudes were analyzed. (Author)

This study compares the attitudes of black youth who have a favorable orientation toward the Black Panthers with those of black youth who appear to be oriented toward the NAACP, using data collected in five black segregated high schools. (Author/JM)

The data presented here indicates improved opportunities for a larger role for Mexican Americans in Texas politics and may be used as a bench mark to periodically measure the rate and direction of political change. (Author)

Suggests that declines in newspaper penetration, lessened competition, or shifts toward getting news from television weakens people's understanding about partisan candidates. (RL)

Surveys the role of political and ideological education leaders among university students in China. Reports a study done at Beijing University that measured the amount of political education received by political leaders and measured opinions about political education work. Suggestions are proposed to improve attitudes concerning political…

A secondary analysis of the "1987 Australian Election Study" examined differences in levels of partisanship, political interest, campaign media use, and the importance voters attach to media use, for voters who make up their minds during and before the campaign. Results suggest that voters who make their choice during the campaign are…

Journalists view the left-right continuum as a dimension on which political entities array themselves in order to vie for a similarly arrayed public. Such a spatial measuring device is useful, since it allows journalists to compare political entities on a common scale that readers supposedly understand and on which they can relate their own…

Early Americans were credited with holding the Protestant work ethic, a set of work-related beliefs involving the traits of industriousness, individualism, ascetism, community involvement, and an overall valuing of work as the most worthwhile way to spend one's time. The American work ethic today is not the same as it was in early America. In…

A survey of the personal, socioeconomic, and professional characteristics of the 100 men and women who served as President to the American Library Association (ALA) between 1876 and 1986 was undertaken to identify those socioeconomic and professional characteristics whose frequency distributions remained relatively constant for all 100 members of…

An analysis of voting behavior toward women candidates in the 1979 general election in Great Britain determined whether public opinion has shifted against an equal political role for women. A total of 104 Labour, Liberal, and Conservative female candidates were measured against a control group of the same number of male candidates. The research…