This book is a compendium of papers presented March 18-20, 1996, at the eighteenth annual Spectrum of Developmental Disabilities course. Research findings are presented that address identification, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of specific reading disability. Individual chapters include: (1) "Dyslexia: The Evolution of a Concept" (John Doris); (2) "Specific Reading Disability: Splitting and Lumping" (Bruce K. Shapiro); (3) "Functional Neuroimaging of Developmental Dyslexia: Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Dyslexic Men" (Judith M. Rumsey and Guinevere Eden); (4) "Genetics of Reading Disability: Further Evidence for a Gene on Chromosome 6" (Shelly D. Smith, A. M. Brower, L. R. Cardon and J. C. DeFries); (5) "Early Identification of Children At Risk for Reading Disabilities: Phonological Awareness and Some Other Promising Predictors" (Hollis S. Scarborough); (6) "The Discrepancy Formula: Its Use and Abuse" (Linda S. Siegel); (7) "Dyslexia: The Identification Process" (Doris J. Johnson); (8) "Dyslexia: Over- and Under-Diagnosis, Over- and Under-Sophistication" (Ruth Nass); (9) "Diagnosis and Remediation of Dyslexia" (Robin P. Church, Michael Bender and Marjorie A. Fessler); (10) "Instructional Interventions for Children with Reading Disabilities" (Joseph K. Torgesen); (11) "The Long-Term Prognosis of Learning Disabled Children: A Review of Studies (1954-1993)" (Paul Satz, Steve Buka, Lewis Lipsitt and Larry Seidman); and (12) "Reading Dyslexia" (Pasquale Accardo). (Each chapter contains references.) (CR)