Four adults with moderate to severe mental retardation received reading instruction under two conditions, traditional orthography and modified orthography in which a line drawing is superimposed upon the printed word. Results showed that traditional orthography was a more effective method for word identification. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)

Multiple regression methods were used to examine continuous variation in component reading subskills and their underlying cognitive skills within a group of 9 to 15-year-old children. Results are discussed within a connectionist framework that views the decoding deficit in dyslexia as stemming from poorly specified phonological representations.…

Forty-eight first-grade children with reading difficulties were taught 48 words using a whole-word method, a subword method for making connections between each color-coded spelling unit and its corresponding phonemes, or a combined whole-word and subword method. The subword method showed a reliable advantage on a test of real word reading.…

A study found children (ages 7-12) with difficulties in phonemic awareness and word identification who received Fast ForWord (FFW) training (n=11) and Orton Gillingham (OG) training (n=9) made similar gains in phonemic awareness. Unlike children who received FFW, children who received OG training made significant gains in word attack. (Contains…

Two groups of first graders (n=63) participated in a 10-day intervention study in which they were instructed in the spelling of five final letter patterns in monosyllabic words. Children receiving phoneme instruction improved accuracy of final pattern spelling as well as speed of word reading over children receiving rime instruction. (Contains…

A study involving 18 children with reading difficulties (grades 4- 9), 33 children controls, and 19 adult controls found that poor readers have less difficulty reading words whose forms are phonologically and orthographically transparent than reading words the base forms of which undergo a phonological shift when a suffix is added. (Contains…

We evaluated computerized training and testing programs with children who were having difficulties learning prereading skills. The programs were derived from equivalence research and were written in authoring software designed for educators. After learning to match uppercase and lowercase printed letters to the corresponding letter names (Tasks 1…

This paper examines the relationship between orthographic depth and reliance upon context for oral reading in English and Hebrew. Research on context effects in English has indicated that the decoding ability of adequate readers is only minimally affected by context. The effect of context may be greater in Hebrew because of its deeper orthography…

Perceptual discrimination between speech sounds belonging to different phoneme categories is better than that between sounds falling within the same category. This property, known as ''categorical perception,'' is weaker in children affected by dyslexia. Categorical perception develops from the predispositions of newborns for discriminating all…

"Sounding out" is a cultural model capturing an image of reading that parents and children share, is found to enhance reading ability. The role played by "Sounding out" in parent's experiences with reading is described and how they apply their understanding of sounding out words to instructional interactions with their own children is described.

The Serbian writing system was used to investigate whether a serial procedure is implicated in print-to-sound translation and whether components of the reading aloud system can be strategically controlled. In mixed- and pure-alphabet lists, participants read aloud phonologically bivalent words comprising bivalent letters in initial or final…

Previous studies have shown that phonological awareness correlates with children's reading aloud and also adults' literacy experience. More recent research has further suggested that phonological awareness is associated with the processing of spoken language, which is a correlate of reading comprehension. In this paper, I argue that phonological…

Premised on the idea that spelling should be taught in the context of writing, this book is designed to enhance teachers' understanding of how their students learn to spell and to provide advice and practical activities for the day-to-day classroom program. The first part of the book provides specific information about management of the class…

This article considers the acquisition and command of written language and how it is affected by brain damage. The aim is to show the close connections between psychology, linguistics and medical brain research. (Text is in German.) (TL)

Findings from educational researchers and linguists should be reviewed in conjunction with student needs when planning a language arts curriculum.