While reality does not always support the expectation, every college of pharmacy has expectations of scholarship that are, theoretically, understood by the faculty and administration. Scholarly research and discovery is central to pharmacy and deserves increased attention. (MSE)

The literature on entrepreneurship is reviewed as it relates to the university setting. Academic entrepreneurship is defined as actions designed to increase individual or institutional profit or prestige through development and marketing of research ideas or products. Case studies in the fields of pharmacy and biochemistry are presented. (MSE)

In an analysis of pharmacy extern and preceptor activities, 24 externs logged activities at random intervals over a period of 226 days. Students were alone most of the time, with little contact with prescribers or patients. Community-based externs had far more patient contact than hospital-based externs. Students spent most time in the dispensing…

Pharmaceutical educators are uniquely poised for a leadership role in higher education by making an unshakable commitment to improving educational quality, adopting an ethic of service, increasing data use and analysis in management, taking "invisible data" seriously, respecting and listening to all associates, and helping people do their jobs.…

A needs assessment received 526 responses from 958 Iowa pharmacy-related businesses, and 183 businesses participated in a DACUM process to validate competencies for pharmacy technicians. Results were used to design a competency-based pharmacy technician curriculum. (SK)

A survey of 1 percent of United States pharmacists found the most feasible systems for delivery of continuing professional education were audio and video cassette recordings, cable television, and computers, in descending order. Access to each hardware system was evaluated for selected demographic variables. (Author/MSE)

The Prescription Management Program, a software program using Apple's HyperCard on a MacIntosh, was developed to simplify the creation, storage, modification, and general management of prescription-based problems. Pharmacy instructors may customize the program to serve their individual teaching needs. (Author/DB)

This paper describes the structure, content and requirements of the service-learning component of first professional year pharmacy students. It also provides excerpts from student reaction logs describing their experiences. (Author)

The authors describe and evaluate quality assessment methods in a health care course that utilized web technology and various active learning strategies. The course was judged successful by student performance, evaluations and student assessments. The instructors were pleased with the outcomes achieved and the educational pedagogy used for this…

A study examined the perceptions of pharmacy students regarding pharmacist-patient communication to determine whether the increased emphasis on the patient counseling role of pharmacists resulted in perceptual differences between students, pharmacists, and faculty. Data were gathered from 25 students, 2 pharmacy faculty, 8 communication studies…

A study was conducted to determine the extent of communication apprehension among students in pharmacy schools across the United States. Fifty-one schools submitted usable completed surveys. The self-reported survey measured the level of students' shyness, and the perceived importance of interpersonal, group, and public speaking forms of…

Potential contributions of formal evaluation to pharmacy education are discussed with emphasis on evaluation problems. Six levels of evaluation are identified and ten years of evaluative research in the American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education categorized accordingly: effort performance, adequacy of performance, efficiency, process, and system…

Statistical tables from the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy annual survey are presented with some summary commentary. Includes number of male and of female recipients of each degree (BS, BPharm, PharmD, MS, PhD) for each U.S. school. Breakdown by geographical area and by race (by school and by degree) are also presented. (JT)

Presented are an overview of a total, integrated curriculum for pharmacy continuing education and a curriculum model consisting of three elements: curriculum objectives; including update, in-depth, special, degree, and new information needs; curriculum processes, such as planning, development and evaluation; and the individual learner. (JMD)

A needs assessment planning model is presented to be used by decision makers and planners of continuing education programs for pharmacists to justify new programs and services. The assessment process consists of setting desired outcomes, gathering data on the current state of affairs, measuring the discrepancies, and setting priorities. (JMD)