Hypothesis tested is that the expectancy of internal control is a function of the individual's present role, his immediate context, and the saliency of the role and context. Results indicate that when an acrual behavior is required rather than the expression of an attitude, the attribution of internal control changes. (Author/AM)

A comparison was made of responses to two types of personality inventory items, either sentence-type items or adjective-type items. Three methods of analysis were applied. It was concluded that the two item types give approximately equal results. (CTM)

Cattell emphasizes that research on the personality structure should precede scale development; in this way, personality tests will approach the precision of ability tests. He discusses testing trends and the contribution of personality tests to the school setting--specifically to the prediction of achievement, underachievement, problem behavior,…

Factor analysis was used to measure the equivalence of the personality constructs measures by four different rationally devised inventories. The tests were administered to high school and college student samples. Twelve dimensions were found to be common to two or more inventories and consistent across the two samples. (Author/MV)

It appears that a positive relationship exists between certain attributes of a self-actualizing person and the life style of the person who scores high on the Purpose in Life Test. Perhaps self-actualization and strong purpose in life are related secondarily through separate relationships with other variables. (Author/JKS)

An heuristic method for constructing affective tests emphasizes a set of key questions which are used to define an affective construct, decide on a measurement procedure, and develop a framework on which to base items. Affective tests should be based upon prior specifications of constructs, and then manipulated empirically. (Author/MV)

This study explores personality differences between adult women students in an undergraduate college and women of the usual undergraduate age. Seven of the 18 California Personality Inventory (CPI) scale comparisons showed significant differences, and eight of the 14 Omnibus Personality Inventory (OPI) scale comparisons showed significant…

Investigates whether temperament is related to a child's initial reaction to peers in a nursery school setting and to changes over time. The central hypothesis that temperament is related to initial and later social behavior with peers is confirmed. (Author/BB)

Collected normative data on 1,373 high school boys and girls in grades 9 through 12, on the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT) and the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI), used to measure symptoms of eating disorders. Obtained significant sex, but not age, differences, and some racial and socioeconomic differences among the girls. (Author/KS)

The utility of the Temperament Assessment Battery--Teacher Form (TAB) in predicting academic achievement over intervals of one to four years was studied using 117 kindergartners, 22 preschoolers, and 104 first graders. Results of the studies, each of which used data from a different standardized test to assess the validity of the TAB, support the…

Critics have occasionally asserted that the number of factors in the 16PF tests is too large. This study discusses factor-analytic methodology and reviews more than 50 studies in the field. It concludes that the number of important primaries encapsulated in the series is no fewer than the stated number. (Author/JAZ)

A scale developed to aid in investigation of students' perceived control at school is described, and data on its reliability, validity, and factor structure are reported. Findings reported indicate the usefulness of the perceived control scale by summarizing data from several studies. (Author/LMO)

The random response technique was compared to a direct questionnaire, administered to college students, to investigate whether or not the responses predicted the social desirability of the item. Results suggest support for the hypothesis. A 33-item version of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale which was used is included. (GDC)

This study utilized a Latin Squares design to assess equivalence of computer and paper-and-pencil testing methods in a clinical setting with college students. No significant differences between scores on measures of anxiety, depression, and psychological reactance were found across group and administration format. Most subjects preferred…

An original personality test is used to aid in screening and advising applicants to a freshman English tutorial program for foreign, minority and Anglo-American students. The test gives indications that it is strongly predictive of good and poor language-study behavior. (Author/RM)