A literature review and survey of Irish ISO 9000 organizations employing nonstandard workers found that the growing adoption of numerical flexibility (use of part-time, temporary, and contract workers) benefits organizations more than individuals. Nonstandard workers receive limited training, which makes the validity of the ISO [International…

Telephone survey of 2,592 people found that their sense of personal control was positively affected by nonroutine, autonomous, fulfilling, or nonisolated work. Women's low personal control was attributed to overrepresentation in part-time work and homemaking. Homemakers reported more autonomy than did paid workers; female paid workers performed…

The employee and job characteristics of fixed-term and casual female employees were compared with those of other female employees. Among female employees, the characteristics of the industry and occupation in which they are employed are as important than their contingent status in influencing employment outcomes. (JOW)

Comparison of part-time employees (142 moonlighters, 365 students, 661 earning supplemental income, 556 primary breadwinners) and 850 full-time workers showed that part timers were more likely to be female, under 30, and earn over 50% of family income. Moonlighters' commitment was influenced by different variables than that of other part-timers.…

Flexible work schedules have more than doubled since 1985, but workers sometimes must be willing to increase their hours, work evening shifts, or switch to part-time status, self-employment, or certain occupations to get flexibility. Flexibility was less likely for nonwhite, female, unmarried, and less-educated workers. (Contains 38 notes and…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that might lead an individual to pursue part-time (PT) employment. Design/methodology/approach: The paper hypothesized that employees have very different motivations for PT working, and that these motivations will affect their work experiences. The paper builds on recent research…

This article examines the increased incidence of work-related qualifications for women in areas of work served by the vocational education and training (VET) system in Australia. Until 20 years ago, qualifications were generally available only for areas of work usually undertaken by men, apart from a few specific "women's occupations"…

Advantages and disadvantages of undergraduates undertaking part-time employment are indicated from the western literature, together with discussion of the nature, amount and effects of part-time employment. A study is reported of a university in China, using a cross-sectional survey which investigates the characteristics of undergraduates holding…

This paper looks at the factors associated with the decision by school students in Australia to work part-time. I find substantial variation in the probability of working across the eight Australian states and territories, as well as by remoteness. Those who live in households with low income are less likely to work. A person's ancestry is also…

When asked to reflect on what they learned in college, the twenty-four recent college graduates who were interviewed did not mention specific information from the courses they attended. Instead, their responses fell into one of four categories: critical thinking and problem solving, outside activities, holding a part-time job, and experiences…

This paper explores the social and academic effects of term-time working on undergraduate students at an English university. Data initially collected via a survey of student social relationships were enhanced by the inclusion of end-of-year academic performance. Various inferential statistical techniques were used to identify these effects. Path…

In recent years in the Netherlands, mothers' labor participation has increased sharply. This article examines which factors influence mothers' employment rates and the division of household and caring responsibilities between parents. From research among 1,285 women with young children, it appears that cultural factors rather than economic motives…

Migrant children in Florida's "Learn and Earn" program spend part of their day learning work skills - and have part-time jobs to boot. (Editor)

Many retired persons return to work, to some extent, following their retirement. Data from the 1982 New Beneficiary Survey (NBS) of 4,212 women and 5,307 men were examined to determine the employment of retired-worker beneficiaries who were working 18-30 months after first receiving retired-worker benefits. According to the NBS data, over…

Since married women typically curtail their employment behavior to accommodate the needs of their family, it is often assumed that women have a relatively weak and unstable work commitment. However, it is erroneous to infer work commitment from behavior, since work behavior is motivated and constrained by a myriad of personal and social…