This paper focuses on examining prospective science teachers' content knowledge about image formation in plane mirrors in terms of approach to error. In accordance with this purpose, 15 questions about the conceptual understanding of the image in plane mirrors and a data collection tool containing correct or incorrect information in the answers…

Digital interactive games are more than tools for entertainment and can be used as learning and training environments. This approach is giving rise to what is known as serious games. "YouVerify!" European project has developed a serious game called "BotBusters" to help young people cultivate the know-how to identify manipulated…

One of the longer-term effects of poststructuralism and its principles, in particular deconstruction, has been to direct fresh attention to reading as an ethical practice. A re-focus on the ethical responsibility of the reader is part of a large, historic process of moving beyond 'structuralism' -- a name for the formerly-dominant paradigm of the…

The problem of propagating disinformation (a.k.a. "fake news") on social media has increased significantly in the last few years. There are several initiatives around the world to combat this serious problem. Maybe the most promising ones involve training people to identify "fake news." The use of digital educational games…

Since September 2020, Fox News spawned an anti-critical race theory (CRT) disinformation campaign, that has reverberated in the whitestream's echo chamber. The disinformation largely appeals to white people who refuse to see racism, unless they feel it is impinging their rights. The campaign against CRT has penetrated the e-tailer site Amazon.com…

Teacher educators, teachers, and K-12 learners today are immersed in multiple media environments, some of which are beset with dangerous information and deliberate falsehoods. In the age of misinformation and disinformation, critical media literacy must become an essential dimension of teacher education. Current and future teachers need to develop…

Misinformation has become a regular feature of the Internet. Research suggests that everyone, including young people who have grown up with digital devices, struggles to differentiate fact from fiction online because they read closely rather than turning to external sources. We analyzed the resources students find when they seek advice offered by…

The manipulated or manufactured truth on social media platforms spreads false information to influence netizens' cognition, often resulting in fabricated social and political narratives. This study systematically reviews the literature on truth manipulation and its impact on the cognition of social media users. The primary focus is on…

The emergence of 'post-truth' is often associated with the rise of conspiracy theories and the lack of trust in scientific knowledge. This article attempts to theorise the complex division of labour in this regime of 'post-truth', with reference to the COVID-19 pandemic/infodemic. First, we argue that the 'post-truth' condition mirrors what…

The internet and digital ecosystems have enlarged opportunities for literacy activities. Technology has altered social practices and concepts of literacy, which has profound consequences for EFL teaching and learning. This qualitative research aims at studying teachers' ignorance, within the concept of ignorance epistemology, as they navigate…

This paper reviews research "fake news" using a cultural lens to identify possible cross-cultural factors impacting how audiences react to misleading news. A cross-cultural communications cycle provides a framework for understanding the processes behind fake news and theconsequences of the resultant fake news. Linguistic and visual…

U.S. libraries and classrooms are under siege by private and governmental entities working to simultaneously ban/remove justice-focused literature and inundate these spaces with reactionary/ultra-conservative materials. It is within this educational crisis that we conducted a critical content analysis of the award-winning, best-selling historical…

This research examines the impact of gamification on the development of critical thinking skills to counter misinformation, focusing specifically on students' roles as developers of educational software. Involving 107 university students, this study employs an experimental pretest-posttest methodology. An educational Escape Room was implemented,…

Youth should be correctly informed about what is happening in the world, but research on empowering people to identify fake news rarely targets youth. To take the first steps in increasing their fake news literacy, this study (N = 298) qualitatively looks into youth's (10-12 years old) fake news knowledge and quantitatively tests a fake news…

In light of the increasing frequency of misleading information in social media regarding environmental issues, this study aimed to identify misleading information spread through TikTok videos and to discuss why such content is considered misleading, drawing on relevant literature. Hashtags with large numbers of views, such as #climatechange,…