Despite the transition requirements of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and a growing body of research in support of effective transition planning for learners with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), many adults on the spectrum remain without employment in large numbers. Even for those generally regarded as most capable, they…

A literature review and two major studies discovered four approaches to job design, each geared toward different sets of outcomes for individual employees and organizations. The motivational approach tries to design jobs to provide the worker with autonomy and the opportunity to make decisions about how or in what order tasks are done. The…

Between July 1981 and November 1982, the United States experienced the worst economic recession of the post-World War II period. In response, Congress in March 1983 enacted the Emergency Jobs Appropriations Act, whose objectives were: (1) to provide productive employment for jobless Americans; (2) to hasten or initiate federal projects and…

For more than a decade, the United States has produced more new jobs than most other industrialized nations--nearly 20 million new jobs during 1973-1984. However, none of the aggregate numbers reveals anything about the types of jobs created or how much they pay. The following facts are pertinent: (1) compared to the period 1973-1979, the net new…

The position of the anthropologist working in North America with Native Americans today differs from that of most anthropologists working with Native Americans a few decades ago, regardless of the topic of study. This affects the kind of anthropological research undertaken, the way in which the work is done, and the results. These consequences, in…

A 20-month old faculty development program at a large urban university, Virginia Commonwealth University, is examined by discussing the strategies employed to facilitate faculty growth, and analyze, in hindsight, how appropriate or inappropriate they may have been in view of faculty or institutional needs. Virginia Commonwealth University's…

Operation Retrieval is a research project designed by the Department of Labor to review and assess the experiences of 55 experimental and demonstration projects for disadvantaged youth conducted during the period 1963-65, and to assess the impact of strategies in job placement, job creation, and job development. Job placement and development units…

The purpose of this project was to demonstrate that individualized intensive services through the use of special diagnostic techniques remedial services and intensive job development would increase the employability of professional job applicants not otherwise readily competitive in today's job market. Procedures were developed for the selection…

The John F. Kennedy Family Service Center in Boston operated a 3-year experimental project to provide assistance to "hard core" unemployed senior citizens. The participants in the program were interviewed and tested to ascertain their abilities and interests. Vocational counselors then contacted employers to arrange for job interviews…

This examination of technological change and its impact on library jobs explains from the historical perspective how technology absorbed much routine work and created the potential for more challenging jobs. Factors to be considered in redesigning jobs to accommodate both technological innovation and human values are discussed. (MBR)

Aimed at stimulating new jobs in Appalachia, especially through creation/expansion of small businesses, the 1986 workshop attracted 200 participants from throughout the region, including state and local officials and community and business leaders. Workshops addressed new developments in capital opportunities, market development strategies,…

This case study illustrates how a newspaper's management introduced major technological changes into the operation, focusing on job redesign. The focus is on motivation. (CH)

Analyzes the effects of an implementation of a three-day/thirty-eight hour (3/38) work schedule among information systems personnel (N=84). Data showed that 18 months after implementation, 3/38 employees still strongly favor the compressed schedule. Data also suggest substantial organizational payoffs including reductions in sick time, overtime,…

Briefly describes a liaison program a community college maintains with local employers to enlarge options for its students in a practical way. (CJ)