A comparative study of value orientations among Finnish and Chinese adolescents was conducted focusing on how secondary school students in these two cultures understand the purpose and meaningfulness of their lives and the value purposes they foresee in the future. The survey took place in the comprehensive schools of suburban towns in Finland and…

Social rhetorics have historically and recently been criticized on ethical grounds. According to Kurt Spellmeyer, Cultural "Constructions of Knowledge" are oppressive and often lead to a betrayal of the individual, while Donald Stewart, is of the opinion that the "excesses" of social construction can lead to a police state, the…

Presents lesson characteristics that describe inquiry lessons, which are designed to teach students how to learn to think for themselves and develop their own decision making powers. (RK)

Within some students, creativity lies like a seed seeking nurture and friendly environment. As an organizing, directing, confining presence, the college can stifle creative impulse and destroy its energy. Teachers should be sensitive enough to recognize creative spirit, and tactful enough to keep it alive. (AD)

The Great Awakening (a period of intense religious revivalism between 1730 and 1745) is analyzed as a mechanism of social change." (Author/SE)

It has been proposed that in order to meet the dilemma of societal viability, an open aristocracy or elite may be the most effective form of social structure while every effort is made to have the individual establish a strong ego identity within the context of the social order. (Author)

Paper presented at the third meeting of the Central States Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, April 15-17, 1971, in Detroit, Michigan. (DS)

Naturalistic research should produce reports which afford participants access to the process of interpretation. Naturalistic researchers should anticipate the need for negotiation relationships. However, the consequence of giving participants access to the process of interpretation is that it generates conflict. (JN)

The author states that nearly all nationally stated aims in education profess to cherish individual qualities. He suggests, however, that this ideal is a generalization which cannot be discussed in any universalistic way through all time in all countries, culture-contexts, and ideologies. (KC)

Explicates the theoretical position that independence and interdependence are inseparable dimensions of self-development in all cultures and that self-development occurs through social interactions shaped by cultural values. Individualism-collectivism classify two multidimensional cultural value systems that shape different routes and goals of…

Examined cultural differences in preferences for conflict resolution styles using the dual-concern model with 103 college students in Mexico (collectivistic culture) and 91 college students in the United States (individualistic culture). Results suggest that independence of the self and interdependence of the self may be separate dimensions,…

Examined conceptions of emerging adulthood among Argentinians in their middle twenties. Found wide support for individualistic criteria for adulthood, but also criteria suggesting more collectivistic values. Identified gender, social class origin, and educational attainment differences. Concluded that emerging adulthood is a distinct developmental…

Argues that moral and values clarification education encourages narcissism in youths through a focus on individualism and the personal. Finds similar tendencies in adolescent literature. Describes a moral education program designed to counter narcissism through a focus on cooperative relationships. Provides instructional techniques to counter…