The need for encouraging research and scholarship in masters-only institutions (also called comprehensive universities) is discussed from the standpoint of gains to be made in the educational experiences of students at these institutions and the importance of these universities as employers of faculty with research training. A survey was sent to 99 members of the Council of Graduate Schools from masters-only institutions, of which 44 were completed and returned. Data are presented and discussed concerning teaching loads, types of support for research and scholarship, types of assistance from offices dealing with sponsored projects or research, and proposals generated and accepted. Faculty involvement was found to be fairly high and acceptance rates good. A number of ways in which masters-only institutions can further encourage faculty research and scholarship are discussed, including: (1) institutional commitment, including consideration of such factors in retention, promotion and tenure decisions; (2) changes in teaching loads; (3) faculty release time; (4) administrative support; (5) use of assistance offered by the Office of Federal Projects of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities; (6) use of initiatives offered by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health; and (7) institutional incentive programs. Two figures describe the Office of Sponsored Projects and a university foundation incentive program. (KM)