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Sean Darling-Hammond; Eric Ho – AERA Open, 2024
Years ago, a groundbreaking review of student data from the 2013-2014 school year indicated that Black students were overrepresented among those experiencing punishment in a variety of contexts. In the intervening decade, new data has emerged, schools have implemented policies to reduce racial disparities, researchers have highlighted new methods…
Descriptors: African American Students, Discipline, Discipline Policy, Educational Practices
Elisabeth Kim; Joanna Smith; Sarah Cordes; Priscilla Wohlstetter – Leadership and Policy in Schools, 2024
Restorative justice is an increasingly common discipline policy, as schools grapple with historic inequities in traditional exclusionary discipline. This mixed-methods study examines the implementation of restorative justice in 28 intentionally diverse charter schools in five jurisdictions in the U.S. Qualitative findings suggest a range of…
Descriptors: Charter Schools, Discipline Policy, Suspension, Restorative Practices
Luke Billingham; Fern Gillon – British Educational Research Journal, 2024
School exclusion reduction in Scotland--and especially in the city of Glasgow--has received substantial media and policy attention in recent years. In London in particular, multiple governmental agencies have explicitly expressed a desire to replicate the exclusion reduction which recently occurred in Glasgow, often citing the connection between…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Expulsion, Barriers, Incidence
Sindiswa S. Zondo; Vusi S. Mncube – South African Journal of Education, 2024
In the majority of South African schools, maintaining discipline remains a challenge -- a situation which commands the attention of departmental officials both locally and internationally. When negative disciplinary approaches were prohibited in schools in this country, positive disciplinary measures were recommended in the form of a code of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Ethics, Discipline, Student Behavior
Nicola Bradfield – Universities UK, 2024
How should universities handle cases of student misconduct? While universities cannot make decisions about whether a criminal offence has been committed, they can judge whether there has been a breach of their own code of conduct. This guidance, building on a UUK and Pinsent Mason publication from 2016, sets out principles and practical case…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, College Students, Student Behavior, Behavior Problems
Beulah San Juanita Rangel – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Rangel, Beulah S. J., At Risk, Punished, and Pushed out of School: Leadership Practices Utilized by School Administrators for Discipline Consequences in South Texas Schools. Doctor of Education (Ed. D.), May 2024The purpose of this study was to examine leadership practices utilized by school administrators for discretionary discipline consequences…
Descriptors: At Risk Students, Principals, Administrator Attitudes, Leadership Styles
Tasminda K. Dhaliwal; Jerome Graham; Yi-Chih Chiang; Andrew S. Johnson – Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2024
Corporal punishment (CP), or inflicting pain through spanking, hitting, and paddling, is still legally sanctioned and exercised in U.S. schools. We use critical discourse analysis and draw on state policy documents and data from the Office of Civil Rights to investigate which discourses pervade policy texts and how CP is practiced. These sources…
Descriptors: Punishment, Discipline, Discipline Policy, Discourse Analysis
Katherine M. Zinsser; Sarai Coba-Rodriguez; Allison Lowe-Fotos – International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 2024
Over the past decade, numerous reports have indicated pervasively high rates of early childhood expulsion nationwide. In response, state and federal policymakers have enacted various measures to ban or reduce reliance on such exclusionary discipline. Prior evaluations of the implementation of one such legislative ban on expulsion enacted in…
Descriptors: Parents, Young Children, Early Childhood Education, Expulsion
Sobti, Neha; Welsh, Richard O. – Educational Researcher, 2023
Persistent racial disparities in students' disciplinary outcomes have been one of the most concerning educational policy and equity topics for decades. Despite the hypervisibility of Black students in school discipline conversations, research and practice evade a focus on anti-Black racism. In this essay, we draw from Black Critical Theory…
Descriptors: Racism, Discipline, Discipline Policy, African American Students
Douglas F. Manigault III; Curtis Davis – Youth & Society, 2025
Zero tolerance policies in urban schools increased the disparities in urban school discipline for Black youth in comparison to white youth. Restorative interventions continue to be a popular response to deviant student behaviors; however, exploring the impact of restorative interventions in reducing harsh discipline on Black youth should be a…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Discipline Policy, Zero Tolerance Policy, African American Students
Dhaliwal, Tasminda K.; Daramola, Eupha Jeanne; Alonso, Jacob D.; Marsh, Julie A. – Education and Urban Society, 2023
Many urban school districts are adopting restorative practices (RP) as a means to reduce suspensions and resolve racial discipline gaps. In this study, we use a sensemaking framework to examine educators' beliefs about discipline and their perceptions of RP and its implementation. We draw on survey responses (N = 363) administered after educators…
Descriptors: Justice, Conflict Resolution, Discipline, Discipline Policy
Danielle DuShane; SeonYeong Yu – Early Childhood Education Journal, 2024
Expulsion is the harshest form of disciplinary action, and behavior policies are the foundation for this decision-making process. The purpose of this study is to uncover how behavior policies used in early childhood settings describe expulsion practices. Among the 111 early childhood programs in Western Massachusetts that met the search criteria…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Preschools, Discipline Policy, Expulsion
Nasaskyia R. Hicks – Phi Delta Kappan, 2024
Problem behavior disrupts classrooms across the United States, impacting student learning. Despite the adverse consequences, teachers often exclude disruptive students from school as a punitive and default response to problem behavior. Alternatives to exclusion are becoming increasingly popular in many school districts to improve behavior and keep…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Discipline
Danielle Renee Sherman – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Believe-Empathy-Wellness-Empower-Listen-Learn (BE WELL) program offers a promising replacement for traditional punitive suspensions in California schools. Amidst the over 6 million suspensions reported in 2022, this on-campus program fosters self-reflection, academic growth, and life skills within a compassionate and accepting learning…
Descriptors: Suspension, Discipline Policy, Resilience (Psychology), Empathy
Sean Schinella – ProQuest LLC, 2024
The purpose of this study was to design and implement a Restorative Practice approach to discipline. The challenges of building a positive teacher-student relationship while navigating the demands of zero-tolerance policies have been well documented. Teachers need support and structure to develop and maintain positive teacher-student…
Descriptors: Educational Practices, Teacher Student Relationship, Discipline Policy, Zero Tolerance Policy