Study results indicated that the supervisees of high level supervisors continued to function more effectively on the measured dimensions than the supervisees of low level supervisors, and that the supervisees of neither the high level supervisors nor the low level supervisors tended to change significantly on the measured dimensions. (Author)

The findings support the use of the microcounseling paradigm as a training model for counselor education. Trainee reinforcement by a supervisor was most potent; if counselor behavior was defined for the trainee, then self-reinforcement could be utilized, especially when practicum classes are large and individual supervision is not available.…

The purpose of this research was to make a pilot investigation testing the feasibility of the use of the galvanic skin response (GSR) as a useful instrument to increase the sensitivity of counselors to their clients. The technique could reduce the amount of direct staff assistance needed in the training program. (Author/BY)

In rebuttal to a paper by Truax and Lister, the authors stated that the lack of quality in the research outweighs any influence the investigators may have gained as researchers. The research should not be used to justify revamping of the training, selection, and personnel utilization of rehabilitation personnel. (Author/CG(

The author highlights some of the implications of Kemp's points for counselors and clients. He also raises additional questions about the American experience, writing from a perspective as a counselor-educator sympathetic to existential views. (Author/BY)

The four playback treatment groups were: (a) audio-video, (b) audio, (c) video, and (d) no playback received. Results indicated no judged differences among the playback treatment groups, nor could discriminant rankings be made among the various playback methods. Several explanations are presented as limited influence of playback media on early…

Each of six patients saw each of four therapists twice. Each of four variables was scored separately for patient and therapist for each interview. Results indicate that therapist behaviors were not the result of a trait," of a given tendency to be empathic, or a consistently applied therapeutic technique, but rather were very substantially…

Pre and post counseling responses of paid and upaid clients, counselors, and counselor supervisors were tested by Fisher's exact probability tables. Post counseling responses did not reveal any significant differences between paid or unpaid clients. Differing pre counseling responses of unpaid clients and of counselors andcounselor supervisors…

A structure is described for use by practicing counselors and trainees to help them systematically conduct initial interviews including all significant data gathering and process component variables. A checklist is suggested as a practical way in which practitioners may sequentially address key points. (Author)

Examines counselors' behaviors and attitudes regarding friendships and sexual relationships with former clients. Sample consisted of 96 members of the American Mental Health Counselors Association. Potential harm to the client was the most important concern expressed by the counselors. Discusses results, as well as ethical and research…

Exploration of spiritual and religious diversity often receives little attention in counselor education, resulting in counselors unprepared to deal with spiritual and religious issues. This trend could have a negative impact on Jewish and other religious clients, who feel that issues related to their identity are ignored. Article explores…

Applied critical incident technique to determine dimensions of performance among psychology interns by surveying training directors (n=46). Identified seven dimensions: clinical skills, commitment to own professional development, crisis and emergency situations, interpersonal relationships, knowledge, professional and ethical behavior, and…

In an analog study of counseling performance anxiety among 24 master's-level students in counseling, personal construct theory accurately predicted increases in state anxiety as an end-of-semester counseling jury approached. (Author/TE)

Discusses a paradigm for understanding the myriad of counseling theories and their corresponding intervention techniques. The paradigm organizes counseling theory and practice around three principles: a way of being, a way of understanding, and a way of intervening. The paradigm allows counselors to eclectically use various theories and techniques…