DIRECTIVE AND LESS-DIRECTIVE COUNSELING ARE EXAMINED ON A THEORETICAL BASIS THROUGH THE CONCEPT OF LINGUISTIC RELATIVITY (LR). THE FOLLOWING ARE ASSUMED--(1) THE GOAL OF COUNSELING IN OUR SOCIETY IS INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM AND EMERGENCE, (2) DIRECTIVE COUNSELING, AN END IN ITSELF, GUIDES THE CLIENT TO PREDETERMINED ADJUSTMENT, AND (3) LESS-DIRECTIVE…

The document is concerned with women's failure to plan some reasonable occupational program, the lack of which places increasing pressure on the counselor and the female counselee. The report discusses some research on femininity: (1) how women adjust to the social norm; (2) how women describe the ideal woman; and (3) how women see themselves…

A number of factors indicate an increased need for vocational counseling services for adults, chief among them being the economic factors of increased material needs, inflation, and technological change; the social factors of unemployment or underemployment; and the increase of women in the job market. The conventional pattern of testing, profile…

This speech presents an overview of clusters of career-choice theories, indicates decision making strategies that could be enlisted within each theory cluster, and relates information dispensing processes appropriate to decision making. It is illustrated that regardless of one's propensity towards a career choice theory, affiliation with certain…

A rationale is presented for why counselors need to become involved in draft counseling. The author discusses five basic reasons why draft counseling should be offered and then considers a number of examples which indicate the kinds of problems which young draft-age men face: anxiety, moral dilemma, family pressures, self image, etc. The…

Employment counselors must serve different clients and provide varied services. They must provide individual and group counseling, as well as environmental intervention. The counseling process is somewhat different for the employment counselor, who must also consider the available job market, motivational forces, aptitudes, skills, and interests.…

The purpose of this article is to provide guidelines for counseling families in which the wife/mother is physically disabled. Common psychological reactions to disability are briefly discussed, followed by four goals of a counseling relationship with a family in which the wife/mother is disabled. (Author)

Needs-assessment instruments from commercial sources are helpful in generating ideas. Any instrument will, however, be more effective if it is specifically adapted for the particular school and community using the instrument. The counselors, principals, teachers, students, and parents all can provide helpful suggestions about meaningful items and…

Prevention as a concept can be applied to a population closely associated with children: that of day care workers. This study outlines typical problems and concerns of workers as well as several important parameters of the day care work world. (Author)

Leisure counseling focuses on identifying and removing blocks to play behavior.

Systematic examination of the ways in which social work practice has been described in the past leads to a new, three-dimensional model of practice that takes into account both its commonalities and its extensive diversification. (Author)

Examines issues involved in preparing foreign students, who attended American colleges and universities, for the cultural and professional adjustments they will face when they return to their home countries. Reentry challenges are discussed and seminars or workshops are recommended as programs to help prepare foreign students for their return…