Achieving Change for Texans (ACT) was a demonstration program designed to help participants achieve independence from welfare through employment, training, temporary assistance, and support services. The ACT included the following four primary components: Time-Limited and Transitional Benefits (TL); Responsibilities, Employment, and Resources…

The first of a 3-volume series describing the 17 Early Head Start (EHS) programs in fall 1997, this report discusses the main features of the research programs and identifies the key challenges and successes they experienced during their first year of serving families. Chapter 1 of the report discusses the historical and national context of the…

The Rule of Opposites offers a worldview that helps both the counselor and the Native-American client to recognize and resolve conflict, to ask more effective questions, to seek harmony and balance in life for greater purpose and direction, and to explore personal decision making and choices. (LSR)

Tested typology classifying 326 incarcerated delinquent boys as buoyant or beset, depending on their level of anxiety and depression at intake. Findings revealed that two types of boys differed in some aspects of life history and personality, buoyant type adjusted better to institution's group-oriented treatment approach, buoyant and beset boys…

Found that 12 percent of 392 victims of crime had contact with mental health professionals within few months postcrime. Mental health service use was most prevalent when depressive symptoms were present and crime involved violence. Among victims of violence, urban residence, high social support, internal locus of control, and prior crime…

This study measured the impact of vocational rehabilitation services on New Jersey Hispanics with blindness/visual impairments. Findings suggested that Hispanic clients had limited participation in rehabilitation programs aimed at career development, compared to Black and White clients. Hispanic clients were also less likely to be gainfully…

This study examined associations between selected characteristics and background historical events of subjects and chronic delinquency, defined as the number of adjudicated offenses. Results indicate that family functioning had a strong association. Other factors include early age at first adjudication, out-of-home placements, having been abused,…

Discusses the Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (OIS), which is based on a survey of child protection workers involved in 2,447 abuse and neglect investigations. OIS found an incidence rate of reported maltreatment of 21 per 1,000 children and a 27% substantiation rate. Includes comparisons with incidence rates for the…

Psychology graduate students (n=185) responded to case descriptions in which client gender, alcoholism, and socioeconomic status (SES) were manipulated. Found consistent, negative effect of client alcoholism on several prognostic variables, including decision to hospitalize; tendency for female clients to be thought to require more therapy…

Responds to earlier article by Mio and Iwamasa (1993) on white researchers investigating ethnic-minority populations and other cross-cultural issues. Organizes concerns raised by Mio and Iwamasa under two themes: ethical issues and professional turf. Concentrates on ethical issues having to do with nonmaleficence, beneficence, privacy, gratitude,…

Examined the attitudes of 95 therapeutic recreation (TR) majors toward older adults regarding expressed job preferences. Subjects completed the TR Work Preference Survey. Findings indicated that TR majors preferred to work with younger clients. No matter what disability any hypothetical client had, subjects still preferred to work with younger…

Dissonance and conflict occur when the culture of a service delivery system differs greatly from a disabled client's culture. Strategies are outlined for adapting services to match culturally diverse client needs. Examples focus on rehabilitation services and special education for visually impaired Hispanic Americans. Contains 20 references. (SV)

Compared group cognitive therapy (CT); focused expressive psychotherapy; and supportive, self-directed therapy (S/SD) among 63 patients with major depressive disorder. Results suggest that patient characteristics can be used differentially to assign psychotherapy types. Externalizing patients and low defensive patients improved more in CT;…

Studied 180 community and nursing home clients who received psychotherapy through community mental health center program. Reviewed case records to identify factors associated with persistence in therapy and drop-out patterns. Persistence in treatment was associated with nursing home residence, religious beliefs, and receiving therapy at home; not…

This study examined factors associated with the medical severity of suicide attempts focusing on demographic characteristics, and circumstances of the suicide attempt. Results show that young age was significantly associated with a nearly lethal suicide attempt. Prior attempts, hopelessness, depression, and help-seeking were significantly and…