To help the classroom teacher identify speech problems in young children, the author presents some basic definitions and correction techniques, plus a chart of phonemes which normal children can articulate correctly at various ages. (SJL)

Reminds speech teachers that characteristics of voice and articulation are important only to the extent that they impede accomplishment of communication goals. Students' problems in articulation, voice, and rate of utterance should be considered in this context. (JMF)

Using standard classical conditioning and concept-formation paradigms, research showed that all phones of a phoneme were considered "the same" by linguistically naive speakers. Results also supported the notion of the phoneme as a unit that functions in speech perception. (RL)

Indicates that infants are able to discriminate synthetic speech patterns varying in duration of the formant transitions. This variation provides information sufficient to signal the phonetic distinction between a stop consonant and a semivowel in adult listeners. Also makes conclusions regarding the discriminability of a given difference in…

To examine assumptions underlying the scoring system of Arizona Articulation Proficiency Scale (Revised), 21 children (ages 4 to 7) were given the test. Results suggested that Ss' production of sounds in only two contexts is not necessarily accurate for other contexts and that weightings assigned on basis of frequency overestimated the extent of…

Indicates that the direction of articulatory substitution for 13 consonants is identical to the direction of auditory perceptual substitution defined by shifts of phonological features. (Author/RL)

Finds no differences in the degree to which adults and seven-year-old children generalized Spanish stress patterns, although the children showed less interference from English stress patterns than the adults. (Author/RL)

Black children and White children were equally intelligible to Black adult listeners, while White adult listeners found White children significantly more intelligible than Black children. Noise deteriorated word discrimination scores of the Black and White listeners differently. (Author/RL)

The paper is a survey of past and current research on attitudes toward Spanish language accented English in home, school, and community settings. The study highlights issues pertaining to Mexican American accented speech and the need for further research on the choice and motivation for an individual's favoring different degrees of accentedness.…

Examined large corpus of spontaneous English conversation for pronunciation of "the" and speech patterns immediately following. Found that speakers use "thiy" (versus "thuh") pronunciation to signal immediate suspension of speech to deal with a problem in production; problems were at many levels of production, including articulation, word…

A study of four children with deafness who had cochlear implants investigated the use of negative intraoral air pressure in articulation, from both the physiological and phonological perspectives. The study showed that the children used speech-production strategies that were different from hearing children and that deviant speech behaviors should…

Evaluation of the speech of five Dutch-speaking adolescent girls with Down's syndrome found that speech errors tended to be identical to the error patterns in young normal children supporting the view that misarticulations in Down's syndrome subjects are mainly the result of a delay in speech development. (Author/DB)

Forty children (ages 5-18) with mild to severe hearing losses were administered a battery of speech and language tasks. Misarticulation, syntactic, and pragmatic errors indicated a consistent pattern of oral communication behavior that reflects the reduction of acoustic input such children experience. (Author/DB)