This nationwide survey statistically documents the academic aspirations and achievements of students entering 248 institutions of higher learning in 1961. A second group of students entering in 1966 were chosen for comparison. The major portion of the study is devoted to statistical tables compiling the results of questionnaires completed by the 50,000 students. An explanation of the sampling design and weighting procedures is included. Findings in undergraduate study programs, degree attainment, patterns of undergraduate attrition and baccalaureate completion, advanced study enrollment from undergraduate fields, patterns of entry into graduate fields, progress in graduate school, rates of graduate degree completion, degree aspirations, financing graduate education, and a summary profile of the students' current activities comprise the specific areas of analysis. The tables are analyzed to determine how students in the field of science (physical sciences, engineering, mathematics, life sciences, and social sciences) compare to students in nonscientific fields. Tables are frequently subdivided according to the sex of the students. A list of nine references, a copy of the questionnaire, and a table further subdividing the major fields of study completes the document. For previous surveys, see Astin and Panos, 1969. (AG)