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Gao, Zaifeng; Li, Jiaofeng; Wu, Jinglan; Dai, Alessandro; Liao, Huayu; Shen, Mowei – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Working memory (WM) has a limited capacity; however, this limitation can be mitigated by selecting individual items from the set currently held in WM for prioritization. The selection mechanism underlying this prioritization ability is referred to as the focus of attention (FOA) in WM. Although impressive progress has been achieved in recent…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Short Term Memory, Cues, Task Analysis
Barr, Rachel; Rusnak, Sylvia N.; Brito, Natalie H.; Nugent, Courtney – Developmental Science, 2020
Bilingual infants from 6- to 24-months of age are more likely to generalize, flexibly reproducing actions on novel objects significantly more often than age-matched monolingual infants are. In the current study, we examine whether the addition of novel verbal labels enhances memory generalization in a perceptually complex imitation task. We…
Descriptors: Infants, Monolingualism, Bilingualism, Comparative Analysis
Yamaguchi, Motonori; Randle, James M.; Wilson, Thomas L.; Logan, Gordon D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Hierarchical control of skilled performance depends on chunking of several lower-level units into a single higher-level unit. The present study examined the relationship between chunking and recognition of trained materials in the context of typewriting. In 3 experiments, participants were trained with typing nonwords and were later tested on…
Descriptors: Office Occupations, Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Educational Experiments
Bahrami Balani, Alex – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
People's everyday lives offer plenty of situations where complex processing of information takes place, in which information needs to transfer across modalities to achieve a behavioral goal. The study examined the differential effects on object detection by a visual, verbal, or auditory cue held in working memory (WM), and the role of concurrent…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Transfer of Training, Cognitive Processes, Visual Stimuli
Min-Kyoung Choi – ProQuest LLC, 2021
This study aimed to investigate the effect of written cues on the second- language (L2) language perception, processing, and word learning, especially when the person's first language (L1) belongs to a different rhythmic type of language than L2. The first objective was to examine whether late bilinguals as L2 learners can benefit more from…
Descriptors: Mnemonics, Second Language Learning, Bilingualism, Korean
Wang, Lijuan; Altgassen, Mareike; Liu, Wei; Xiong, Weirui; Akgun, Canan; Kliegel, Matthias – Developmental Psychology, 2011
The present study examined the role of controlled attention in age differences in event-based prospective memory performance across adolescence. The researchers tested whether presenting the prospective memory cue in or out of focal awareness of the ongoing task (resulting in low versus high demands for controlled attention, respectively) might…
Descriptors: Cues, Young Adults, Adolescents, Age Differences
Benjamin Anderson Martin II – ProQuest LLC, 2011
This study investigated the influences of attention and retrospective memory processes on prospective memory. In Experiment 1, participants who processed prospective memory cues under conditions that did not coincide with the processes required for making judgments in an ongoing task showed greater levels of performance at the expense of the…
Descriptors: Memory, Attention, Task Analysis, Cues
Rerko, Laura; Oberauer, Klaus – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
The study investigated the effect of selection cues in working memory (WM) on the fate of not-selected contents of WM. Experiments 1A and 1B showed that focusing on 1 cued item in WM does not impair memory for the remaining items. The nonfocused items are maintained in WM even when this is not required by the task. Experiments 2 and 3 showed that…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Attention, Cues, Cognitive Processes
Kim, Hyoju – ProQuest LLC, 2023
The present study investigates the time course of acoustic cue integration in the processing of the Korean three-way laryngeal stop contrast by native Korean listeners and English second language (L2) learners of Korean. As such, this study seeks to understand how native listeners and L2 learners weight and integrate fine-grained acoustic…
Descriptors: Phonetics, Cues, Second Language Learning, Individual Differences
Zimmerman, Carissa A.; Kelley, Colleen M. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2010
Emotionality is a key component of subjective experience that influences memory. We tested how the emotionality of words affects memory monitoring, specifically, judgments of learning, in both cued recall and free recall paradigms. In both tasks, people predicted that positive and negative emotional words would be recalled better than neutral…
Descriptors: Memory, Memorization, Cues, Models
Riggs, Anne E.; Kalish, Charles W.; Alibali, Martha W. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
In any learning situation, children must decide the level of generality with which to encode information. Cues to generality may affect children's memory for different components of a learning episode. In this research, we investigated whether 1 cue to generality, generic language, affects children's memory for information about social categories…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Young Children, Memory, Coding
Renkewitz, Frank; Jahn, Georg – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2012
We validate an eye-tracking method applicable for studying memory processes in complex cognitive tasks. The method is tested with a task on probabilistic inferences from memory. It provides valuable data on the time course of processing, thus clarifying previous results on heuristic probabilistic inference. Participants learned cue values of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Eye Movements, Memory, Indexing
Skavhaug, Ida-Maria; Wilding, Edward L.; Donaldson, David I. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Judgments of learning (JOLs) are assessments of how well materials have been learned. Although a wide body of literature has demonstrated a reliable correlation between memory performance and JOLs, relatively little is known about the nature of this link. Here, we investigate the relationship between JOLs and the memory retrieval processes engaged…
Descriptors: Tests, Familiarity, Recognition (Psychology), Cues
Arosio, Fabrizio; Yatsushiro, Kazuko; Forgiarini, Matteo; Guasti, Maria Teresa – Language Learning and Development, 2012
We investigated the processing of agreement marking and case marking in the comprehension of German relative clauses in 48 seven-year-old monolingual German-speaking children in a picture selection task. We examined the relation between the effectiveness of these different morphological cues and individual memory resources as measured by a…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Language Acquisition, Monolingualism, Cues
Chen, Fei; Zhang, Kaile; Guo, Qingqing; Lv, Jia – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2023
Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore when and how Mandarin-speaking children use contextual cues to normalize speech variability in perceiving lexical tones. Two different cognitive mechanisms underlying speech normalization (lower level acoustic normalization and higher level acoustic-phonemic normalization) were investigated through the…
Descriptors: Cues, Context Effect, Acoustics, Phonemics