In this study, the researcher examined the strength and direction of relationships between NJ School Report Card Variables (NJ SRC) and 2008-2009 NJ ASK 5 Math and Language Arts Literacy (LAL) student test scores. Variables found to have an influence on standardized test scores in the extant literature were evaluated and reported. Analyses were conducted using a two-tiered approach. A simultaneous multiple regression of NJ SRC variables was employed first for both Math and LAL scores. Multiple regression models for School, Student, and Staff variable sets were then analyzed for Math and LAL achievement. The sample was taken from the NJ School Report Card to be a proportional random sample of the state's district composition. The results of the study revealed that Socioeconomic Status, Student/Faculty Ratio, Faculty and Administrator Credentials, Grade 5 Class-size, Grade 5 Attendance Rate, Student Mobility, Length of School Day, Faculty Mobility, and Instructional Minutes were found to influence NJ ASK 5 scores. Recommendations for policy, practice, and future research are explored. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]