Criticisms of foreign student and international programs at U.S. colleges and universities are reviewed, along with the efforts by higher education institutions to examine their foreign student programs. Bills before the U.S. Congress that would affect these programs are also briefly described. Some criticisms reflect the view that efforts to attract foreign students should be curtailed. Some of the concerns pertain to U.S. business and foreign industrial competition and the fact that many highly-skilled foreign scientists and technicians were trained in U.S. colleges and universities. Others object to the alleged favoritism that universities accord foreign students in admissions and financial assistance. Additionally, the new xenophobia can be seen in the efforts of the federal government to restrict the access of foreign students and scholars to certain types of information and research on U.S. campuses. Self-examinations by colleges have resulted in: (1) programs to assure a diversity of foreign student enrollments, (2) task forces on international education, (3) additional support services, (4) improved language testing for applicants, and (5) cultural awareness projects. Bills being considered include: a foreign assistance bill to finance scholarships for education programs in this country, funds for foreign language instruction for U.S. students at all educational levels, and funds for advanced research and training in Soviet and Eastern European studies. (SW)