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Estrada, Joey Nuñez, Jr.; Gilreath, Tamika D.; Astor, Ron Avi; Benbenishty, Rami – Journal of School Violence, 2014
There is insufficient empirical evidence exploring associations between gang membership and school violence behaviors. Using a sample of 272,863 high school students, this study employs a structural equation model to examine how school risk and protective behaviors and attitudes mediate effects of gang members' involvement with school violence…
Descriptors: Juvenile Gangs, Violence, At Risk Persons, Resilience (Psychology)
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Benbenishty, Rami; Astor, Ron Avi; Roziner, Ilan; Wrabel, Stephani L. – Educational Researcher, 2016
The present study explores the causal link between school climate, school violence, and a school's general academic performance over time using a school-level, cross-lagged panel autoregressive modeling design. We hypothesized that reductions in school violence and climate improvement would lead to schools' overall improved academic performance.…
Descriptors: Correlation, Educational Environment, Surveys, Violence