An overview is provided of Colorado's participation in Chapter 1, the largest federally funded program designed to provide services to elementary and secondary students. Chapter 1 provides financial assistance to state and local education agencies to meet the special needs of educationally deprived children who reside in areas with high concentrations of children from low-income families. In fiscal year 1993, Colorado Chapter 1 programs were administered by 100 districts and 8 Boards of Cooperative Educational Services. Staff members totalling 1,494.91 full-time equivalents served a total of 40,404 students in Chapter 1, with additional students served in a state-administered institution for neglected or delinquent children. Chapter 1 participants were concentrated in the early elementary grades. Fifty-five percent of participants belonged to an ethnic minority, representing a larger share than they did in the general student population. Also discussed are services, the measurement of achievement, and gains. Colorado consistently has higher average normal curve equivalent gain scores in reading, language arts, and mathematics in both basic and advanced skills than national averages for Chapter 1 students. Some successful projects are highlighted. (SLD)