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Kitajima, Ryu – Applied Language Learning, 2018
The field of L2 pragmatics demonstrates the effect of instructional intervention on the development of L2 learners' pragmatic competence. Nevertheless, effective instruction requires knowledge of pragmatic performances of L2 learners in naturally occurring conversations, in comparison to those of the target community speakers. This study, using a…
Descriptors: Japanese, Second Language Learning, Classroom Communication, Pragmatics
Sawaki, Yasuyo; Nissan, Susan – Educational Testing Service, 2009
The study investigated the criterion-related validity of the "Test of English as a Foreign Language"[TM] Internet-based test (TOEFL[R] iBT) Listening section by examining its relationship to a criterion measure designed to reflect language-use tasks that university students encounter in everyday academic life: listening to academic…
Descriptors: Test Validity, Language Tests, English (Second Language), Computer Assisted Testing