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Lee, Jaekyung; Liu, Xiaoyan; Amo, Laura Casey; Wang, Weichun Leilani – Educational Policy, 2014
Drawing on national and state assessment datasets in reading and math, this study tested "external" versus "internal" standards-based education models. The goal was to understand whether and how student performance standards work in multilayered school systems under No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). Under the…
Descriptors: State Standards, Academic Standards, Student Evaluation, Academic Achievement
Lee, Jaekyung; Finn, Jeremy; Liu, Xiaoyan – Online Submission, 2011
Through a synthesis of test publisher norms and national longitudinal datasets, this study provides new national norms of academic growth in K-12 reading and math that can be used to reinterpret conventional effect sizes in time units. We propose d' a time-indexed effect size metric to estimate how long it would take for an "untreated"…
Descriptors: Control Groups, National Norms, Effect Size, Mathematics Education