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van Laar, Saskia; Braeken, Johan – Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 2021
Despite the sensitivity of fit indices to various model and data characteristics in structural equation modeling, these fit indices are used in a rigid binary fashion as a mere rule of thumb threshold value in a search for model adequacy. Here, we address the behavior and interpretation of the popular Comparative Fit Index (CFI) by stressing that…
Descriptors: Goodness of Fit, Structural Equation Models, Sampling, Sample Size
Sim, Julius; Saunders, Benjamin; Waterfield, Jackie; Kingstone, Tom – International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2018
There has been considerable recent interest in methods of determining sample size for qualitative research a priori, rather than through an adaptive approach such as saturation. Extending previous literature in this area, we identify four distinct approaches to determining sample size in this way: rules of thumb, conceptual models, numerical…
Descriptors: Sample Size, Qualitative Research, Research Methodology, Statistical Analysis
Lai, Mark H. C.; Kwok, Oi-man – Journal of Experimental Education, 2015
Educational researchers commonly use the rule of thumb of "design effect smaller than 2" as the justification of not accounting for the multilevel or clustered structure in their data. The rule, however, has not yet been systematically studied in previous research. In the present study, we generated data from three different models…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Research Design, Cluster Grouping, Statistical Data
Guest, Greg; Namey, Emily; McKenna, Kevin – Field Methods, 2017
Few empirical studies exist to guide researchers in determining the number of focus groups necessary for a research study. The analyses described here provide foundational evidence to help researchers in this regard. We conducted a thematic analysis of 40 focus groups on health-seeking behaviors of African American men in Durham, North Carolina.…
Descriptors: Focus Groups, Sample Size, Evidence Based Practice, Thematic Approach
Zimmermann, Judith; Brodersen, Kay H.; Heinimann, Hans R.; Buhmann, Joachim M. – Journal of Educational Data Mining, 2015
The graduate admissions process is crucial for controlling the quality of higher education, yet, rules-of-thumb and domain-specific experiences often dominate evidence-based approaches. The goal of the present study is to dissect the predictive power of undergraduate performance indicators and their aggregates. We analyze 81 variables in 171…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Graduate Students, Academic Achievement, Prediction
Peer reviewed
Green, Samuel B. – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1991
An evaluation of the rules-of-thumb used to determine the minimum number of subjects required to conduct multiple regression analyses suggests that researchers who use a rule of thumb rather than power analyses trade simplicity of use for accuracy and specificity of response. Insufficient power is likely to result. (SLD)
Descriptors: Correlation, Effect Size, Equations (Mathematics), Estimation (Mathematics)
Peer reviewed
Loo, Robert – Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1983
In examining considerations in determining sample sizes for factor analyses, attention was given to the effects of outliers; the standard error of correlations, and their effect on factor structure; sample heterogeneity; and the misuse of rules of thumb for sample sizes. (Author)
Descriptors: Correlation, Error of Measurement, Evaluation Methods, Factor Analysis
Peer reviewed
Lambert, Zarrel V.; And Others – Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1991
A method is presented that eliminates some interpretational limitations arising from assumptions implicit in the use of arbitrary rules of thumb to interpret exploratory factor analytic results. The bootstrap method is presented as a way of approximating sampling distributions of estimated factor loadings. Simulated datasets illustrate the…
Descriptors: Behavioral Science Research, Computer Simulation, Estimation (Mathematics), Factor Structure
Tatsuoka, Maurice M. – 1973
A computer-simulated study was made of the sampling distribution of omega squared, a measure of strength of relationship in multivariate analysis of variance which had earlier been proposed by the author. It was found that this measure was highly positively biased when the number of variables is large and the sample size is small. A correction…
Descriptors: Analysis of Variance, Computer Programs, Matrices, Multivariate Analysis
Spencer, Bruce; Sebring, Penny; Campbell, Barbara – National Center for Education Statistics, 1987
This report is the methodology report for the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 follow-up in 1986. The fifth follow-up survey of the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 (NLS-72) took place during spring and summer of 1986. A mail questionnaire was sent to a subsample of 14,489 members of the…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, High Schools, National Surveys, Annual Reports