"Principles and Practices" (P&P), a real estate pre-licensing class, is one of the most popular courses in adult education, because it can literally be the key to the dual American dreams: striking it rich and owning a home. One of the things that makes the P&P class unique is that it is taught in so many different venues. The classes are often taught at major universities, community colleges, privately owned real estate schools, and even in real estate brokers' offices. The class prepares students to enter the two-tiered process, used in the approximately 45 states that license salespersons or agents separately from real estate brokers. The required classroom hours can be as short as 24 in Massachusetts or as long as 180 hours in Texas. A typical P&P course requires 60 hours and has a two-part final exam, which consists of 80 questions on topics common to the entire United States and an additional 30 questions on the specifics of state law. Students who successfully pass both sections qualify to take the state licensing exam. P&P is taught in such a wide variety of settings partly because nobody is quite sure where the course best fits. Some consider it higher education; others argue that it is merely pre-employment training for brokerages. The situation is complicated because the real estate industry is not tied to a specific academic tradition, like law or medicine, and has had a difficult time finding a clear niche within the academy.