The following articles on athletics in the Soviet Union are edited and translated for American readers: (1) "Isokinetic Exercises"; (2) "Breathing During the Execution of Precise Motor Acts"; (3) "Investigation of the Running of Pre-School Age Children"; (4) "Al Feuerback and V. Voikin in the Shot Put"; (5)…

This article discusses running as a universal means of physical training and of developing speed and especially endurance with sections on types of running, time and place for running, methods of exercise, and regulating size of stress load. (Author/JH)

The important place of physical culture and sports within the daily lives of the people is described in this article. The GTO Physical Culture Complex, a set of exercises and activities with precise standards, used as a normative test for school children and adults is given particular attention. (JH)

This study analyzes the Soviet award system, in particular the Prepared for Word and Defense (PWD) program. The PWD program is composed of five stages and embraces people from ages 10 to 60. Each stage has a section of requirements and a section of norms, which take into consideration age variations. The norms section, which is the most important…

Lesgaft was the founder of the modern system of physical education in tsarist Russia. (MM)

The author describes ways of implementing a differentiated approach to physical education from ascertaining the preparedness of students to conducting lessons and assessing progress. (JH)

The events -- gymnastics, games, dancing, foot racing, skiing, etc. -- that make up field and parade days for elementary students with both individual and group participation are discussed in this article. (JH)

Implementation of physical education as suggested in this article is the means for achieving a healthy life for school children. (JH)

The Golden Puck Competitions, begun in 1964, were an instant success and have grown to meet the needs of the participants. (JH)

The development of physical education in the curriculum has necessitated attention to the planning of school facilities, to training physical education teachers, to passing GTO norms (see SO 500 866) and to organizing outside activities. (JH)

Soviet literature on children with cerebral palsy is concerned with diagnosis and assessment of cognitive functions as well as with education and training. (Author)