The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of an eight-week health-related fitness and nutrition education program on fitness components and dietary habits in upper elementary school students. Forty children from the fifth and sixth grade, 10 to 12 years of age (M= 11.2, SD= 1.1), participated in the study. The experimental group consisted of 20 children who participated in the program three days per week for one hour outside the time allotted for school physical education. The control group participated in the typical school physical education program. Health-related fitness components (cardiorespiratory endurance, abdominal strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition) were assessed with the Prudential Fitnessgram test battery (Cooper Institute, 1992). Also, children's dietary habits were assessed based on the Health Behavior Questionnaire (HBQ) of Parcel et al. (1995) that recorded their dietary habits, after being modified to fit in the Greek diet (Bebetsos 1999). The multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measures (2x2) indicated that the group X measure interaction was significant. Children in the experimental group had better scores on cardiorespiratory endurance, on abdominal strength and endurance, and on dietary habits than those in the control group. These findings indicate that certain health-related fitness components and dietary habits as well can be improved with a three hour a week program consisting physical fitness and nutrition education activities. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.)