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Anderson, John R.; Fincham, Jon M. – Cognitive Science, 2014
Multi-voxel pattern recognition techniques combined with Hidden Markov models can be used to discover the mental states that people go through in performing a task. The combined method identifies both the mental states and how their durations vary with experimental conditions. We apply this method to a task where participants solve novel…
Descriptors: Cognitive Structures, Pattern Recognition, Markov Processes, Cognitive Processes
Litt, Abninder; Eliasmith, Chris; Kroon, Frederick W.; Weinstein, Steven; Thagard, Paul – Cognitive Science, 2006
We argue that computation via quantum mechanical processes is irrelevant to explaining how brains produce thought, contrary to the ongoing speculations of many theorists. First, quantum effects do not have the temporal properties required for neural information processing. Second, there are substantial physical obstacles to any organic…
Descriptors: Computation, Brain, Quantum Mechanics, Cognitive Processes
Hameroff, Stuart R. – Cognitive Science, 2007
In their article, "Is the Brain a Quantum Computer,?" Litt, Eliasmith, Kroon, Weinstein, and Thagard (2006) criticize the Penrose-Hameroff "Orch OR" quantum computational model of consciousness, arguing instead for neurocomputation as an explanation for mental phenomena. Here I clarify and defend Orch OR, show how Orch OR and neurocomputation are…
Descriptors: Brain, Cognitive Processes, Diagnostic Tests, Neurological Organization
Hochman, Shachar; Cohen, Zahira Z.; Ben-Shachar, Mattan S.; Henik, Avishai – Cognitive Science, 2020
Representations of the fingers are embodied in our cognition and influence performance in enumeration tasks. Among deaf signers, the fingers also serve as a tool for communication in sign language. Previous studies in normal hearing (NH) participants showed effects of embodiment (i.e., embodied numerosity) on tactile enumeration using the fingers…
Descriptors: Deafness, Numbers, Manual Communication, Inhibition
Bender, Andrea; Beller, Sieghard – Cognitive Science, 2017
Mangarevan traditionally contained two numeration systems: a general one, which was highly regular, decimal, and extraordinarily extensive; and a specific one, which was restricted to specific objects, based on diverging counting units, and interspersed with binary steps. While most of these characteristics are shared by numeration systems in…
Descriptors: Arithmetic, Mental Computation, Anthropology, Archaeology