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Peer reviewedTaylor, Marjorie; Flavel, John H. – Child Development, 1984
Two studies with three-year-old children tested the hypothesis that, whereas errors of phenomenism predominate when children are asked about objects' real and apparent properties, errors of intellectual realism predominate when children are asked about objects' real and apparent identities. Results provided some support for the property-identity…
Descriptors: Comprehension, Error Patterns, Hypothesis Testing, Preschool Children
Peer reviewedMartin, Carol Lynn; Little, Jane K. – Child Development, 1990
Ability to identify the sexes, understanding of gender group membership, temporal stability of gender, and gender consistency over situational changes were assessed in a sample of 61 boys and girls of 3-5 years of age. Findings suggested that only a rudimentary understanding of gender is acquired by children before the sex-typing process begins.…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Structures, Comprehension, Preschool Children
