This paper analyzes several elementary and middle school textbooks, educational decrees, and other primary sources to help shed light on how schooling, and more generally education, during what would be known as the "Reign of the Colonels" or "Military 'Junta'" attempted to reshape a Greek national identity. This paper seeks to answer the following research questions: (1) What were some similarities and differences found within textbooks used prior and after the "Junta" took power in Greece?; (2) How did revisions to the Greek school textbook during the "Junta's" reign attempt to redefine what it meant to be Greek?; and (3) To what extent did the "Junta" attempt to (re)instill "traditional" Greek values into Greek society through the Greek school system? This paper provides a brief overview of the "Junta's" rise to power as well as the "Junta's" implementation of new educational policies, and discusses the importance of textbooks, their political, social, and cultural implications both in Greece and beyond. The author analyzes several Greek elementary and middle school textbooks that were used when the "Junta" was in power and discusses the "Junta's" lasting impact on Greek education. This paper raises questions that may be applied to other nations who have undergone drastic political or social change.