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Download full textCobb, Casey – National Coalition on School Diversity, 2022
In general, controlled school choice policies that aim to integrate schools along the lines of race or ethnicity and socioeconomic status are most often successful in achieving that goal. Unregulated systems of school choice, however, tend to exacerbate school segregation (Cobb & Glass, 2009). This research brief summarizes research about…
Descriptors: School Choice, Charter Schools, Social Class, Race
Peer reviewed
Direct linkZavala, Catalina; Beam, Christopher R.; Finch, Brian K.; Gatz, Margaret; Johnson, Wendy; Kremen, William S.; Neiderhiser, Jenae M.; Pedersen, Nancy L.; Reynolds, Chandra A. – Developmental Psychology, 2018
We examined whether attained socioeconomic status (SES) moderated genetic and environmental sources of individual differences in cognitive performance using pooled data from 9 adult twin studies. Prior work concerning SES moderation of cognitive performance has focused on rearing SES. The current adult sample of 12,196 individuals (aged 27-98…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Adults, Cognitive Processes, Genetics
Tosto, Maria Grazia; Garon-Carrier, Gabrielle; Gross, Susan; Petrill, Stephen A.; Malykh, Sergey; Malki, Karim; Hart, Sara A.; Thompson, Lee; Karadaghi, Rezhaw L.; Yakovlev, Nikita; Tikhomirova, Tatiana; Opfer, John E.; Mazzocco, Michèle M. M.; Dionne, Ginette; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel; Kovas, Yulia – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2019
Background: The number line task assesses the ability to estimate numerical magnitudes. People vary greatly in this ability, and this variability has been previously associated with mathematical skills. However, the sources of individual differences in number line estimation and its association with mathematics are not fully understood. Aims: This…
Descriptors: Twins, Individual Differences, Computation, Mathematics Skills
Grasby, Katrina L.; Coventry, William L.; Byrne, Brian; Olson, Richard K. – Child Development, 2019
Socioeconomic status (SES) has been found to moderate the influence of genes and the environment on cognitive ability, such that genetic influence is greater when SES is higher, and the shared environment is greater when SES is lower, but not in all Western countries. The effects of both family and school SES on the heritability of literacy and…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Literacy, Numeracy, Foreign Countries
Jansen, Malte; Lüdtke, Oliver; Robitzsch, Alexander – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2020
Academic self-concept (ASC) is characterized by the dual nature of stability and change. That is, students strive for consistency in their self-concept but also receive achievement feedback that leads to changes in ASC. Only a few previous studies have scrutinized the stability of ASC. The STARTS model (Stable, AutoRegressive Trait, and State)…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Academic Ability, Reliability, Change
Vitaro, Frank; Beaver, Kevin M.; Brendgen, Mara; Dickson, Daniel J.; Dionne, Ginette; Boivin, Michel – Developmental Psychology, 2021
The goal of the present study was to replicate Burt et al. (2009) and Hou et al. (2013) findings by determining the contribution of peers' deviance to changes in participants' (monozygotic [MZ] twins') self-reported delinquency from mid- to late adolescence while controlling for possible gene-environment correlations (rGE) through the use of the…
Descriptors: Peer Influence, Twins, Delinquency, Adolescents
Peterson, Robin L.; Pennington, Bruce F.; Samuelsson, Stefan; Byrne, Brian; Olson, Richard K. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2013
Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the etiologic basis for the association between deficits in phonological memory (PM) and vocabulary in school-age children. Method: Children with deficits in PM or vocabulary were identified within the International Longitudinal Twin Study (ILTS; Samuelsson et al., 2005). The ILTS includes 1,045…
Descriptors: Etiology, Phonology, Short Term Memory, Vocabulary
Albuquerque, Pitombo Maiana; de Almeida, Ana Maria Rocha; El-Hani, Nino Charbel – Science Education International, 2008
Despite being a landmark of 20th century biology, the "classical molecular gene concept," according to which a gene is a stretch of DNA encoding a functional product, which may be a single polypeptide or RNA molecule, has been recently challenged by a series of findings (e.g., split genes, alternative splicing, overlapping and nested…
Descriptors: Higher Education, Textbooks, Molecular Biology, Cytology
Hartley, Sigan L.; Seltzer, Marsha Mailick; Hong, Jinkuk; Greenberg, Jan S.; Smith, Leann; Almeida, David; Coe, Chris; Abbeduto, Leonard – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2012
Mothers of adolescents and adults with fragile X syndrome (FXS) are faced with high levels of parenting stress. The extent to which mothers are negatively impacted by this stress, however, may be influenced by their own genetic status. The present study uses a diathesis-stress model to examine the ways in which a genetic vulnerability in mothers…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Mothers, Child Rearing, Adolescents
Byrne, Brian; Coventry, William L.; Olson, Richard K.; Hulslander, Jacqueline; Wadsworth, Sally; DeFries, John C.; Corley, Robin; Willcutt, Erik G.; Samuelsson, Stefan – Journal of Research in Reading, 2008
As part of a longitudinal twin study of literacy and language, we conducted a behaviour-genetic analysis of orthographic learning, spelling and decoding in Grade 2 children (225 identical and 214 fraternal twin pairs) in the United States and Australia. Each variable showed significant genetic and unique environment influences. Multivariate…
Descriptors: Twins, Spelling, Genetics, Foreign Countries
US House of Representatives, 2011
The purpose of this hearing was to shed light on wasteful federal government spending. At a time when the nation faces a historic fiscal crisis, everyone must make a concerted effort to reduce federal spending. A necessary step in this process is to eliminate and streamline federal programs. Now more than ever, it is critical to ensure taxpayer…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Federal Programs, Federal Government, Duplication
Shane, Scott; Nicolaou, Nicos; Cherkas, Lynn; Spector, Tim D. – Journal of Applied Psychology, 2010
We applied multivariate genetics techniques to a sample of 3,412 monozygotic and dizygotic twins from the United Kingdom and 1,300 monozygotic and dizygotic twins from the United States to examine whether genetic factors account for part of the covariance between the Big Five personality characteristics and the tendency to be an entrepreneur. We…
Descriptors: Twins, Personality, Genetics, Foreign Countries
Jenkins, Edgar – Journal of Biological Education, 2016
When the "Journal of Biological Education" was first published in 1967, biology was still very much the Cinderella of the three school sciences in many countries. Most selective secondary school biology courses readily betrayed their origins as an unconvincing coalition of botany and zoology. In the non-selective secondary modern…
Descriptors: Periodicals, Biological Sciences, Science Education History, Science Education
Goldman, Alica M. – Exceptional Parent, 2006
The chance that someone will develop any disease is influenced by heredity and environment. Epilepsy is not an exception. Everybody inherits a unique degree of susceptibility to seizures. About 3 percent of the United States population is prone to seizures and will get epilepsy at some point of their lives (1). Two thirds of the people with…
Descriptors: Heredity, Caregivers, Seizures, Genetics
Byrne, Brian; Samuelsson, Stefan; Wadsworth, Sally; Hulslander, Jacqueline; Corley, Robin; DeFries, John C.; Quain, Peter; Willcutt, Erik G.; Olson, Richard K. – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2007
Grade 1 literacy skills of twin children in Australia (New South Wales) and the United States (Colorado) were explored in a genetically sensitive design (N = 319 pairs). Analyses indicated strong genetic influence on word and nonword identification, reading comprehension, and spelling. Rapid naming showed more modest, though reliable, genetic…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Emergent Literacy, Preschool Children, Kindergarten
