The primary purpose of this study was to begin evaluating the effectiveness of the University of Utah's counseling center's integrated didactic-experiential Efficient Study group treatment. It was also an attempt to provide further evidence concerning the questions of the efficacy of short-term group counseling procedures with academic underachievers or low achievers and the effect of probationary status on students subsequent academic performance. A total of 120 students on academic probation were screened for desire to participate in Efficient Study groups. A group of 25 students were then assigned to an Efficient Study Group and 14 to a control group. Results included: (1) a greater percentage of non-counseled probationary students withdrew from school or received failing grades than those in the study group, (2) study group students showed a higher significant improvement than no-treatment groups, and (3) the efficacy of probationary status is questionable as a "treatment" procedure. (Author/CJ)