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Zalla, Tiziana; Seassau, Magali; Cazalis, Fabienne; Gras, Doriane; Leboyer, Marion – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2018
In this study, we examined the accuracy and dynamics of visually guided saccades in 20 adults with autism spectrum disorder, as compared to 20 typically developed adults using the Step/Overlap/Gap paradigms. Performances in participants with autistic spectrum disorder were characterized by preserved Gap/Overlap effect, but reduced gain and peak…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Adults, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism
Nuske, Heather J.; Vivanti, Giacomo; Dissanayake, Cheryl – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Although the conception of autism as a disorder of abnormal resting-state physiology has a long history, the evidence remains mixed. Using state-of-the-art eye-tracking pupillometry, resting-state (tonic) pupil size was measured in children with and without autism. No group differences in tonic pupil size were found, and tonic pupil size was not…
Descriptors: Physiology, Autism, Eye Movements, Children
Edgar, J. Christopher; Heiken, Kory; Chen, Yu-Han; Herrington, John D.; Chow, Vivian; Liu, Song; Bloy, Luke; Huang, Mingxiong; Pandey, Juhi; Cannon, Katelyn M.; Qasmieh, Saba; Levy, Susan E.; Schultz, Robert T.; Roberts, Timothy P. L. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
Alpha circuits (8-12 Hz), necessary for basic and complex brain processes, are abnormal in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study obtained estimates of resting-state (RS) alpha activity in children with ASD and examined associations between alpha activity, age, and clinical symptoms. Given that the thalamus modulates cortical RS alpha…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children
Janit, Adrian S.; Hammock, Georgina S.; Richardson, Deborah S. – International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 2011
We compared the instructional efficacy of a narrative text (i.e., a story) and an expository text (i.e., a textbook excerpt). Students enrolled in Abnormal Psychology classes read about the disorder, "dissociative fugue" from a story, a textbook, or both. The story contained literary elements that increased transportation into the story…
Descriptors: Fiction, Teaching Methods, Psychology, Textbooks
Sheeber, Lisa B.; Allen, Nicholas B.; Leve, Craig; Davis, Betsy; Shortt, Joann Wu; Katz, Lynn Fainsilber – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2009
Background: Depression is often characterized as a disorder of affect regulation. However, research focused on delineating the key dimensions of affective experience (other than valence) that are abnormal in depressive disorder has been scarce, especially in child and adolescent samples. As definitions of affect regulation center around processes…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Depression (Psychology), High School Students, Adolescents
Rausch, Annika; Zhang, Wei; Beckmann, Christian F.; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Groen, Wouter B.; Haak, Koen V. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Amygdala dysfunction plays a role in the social impairments in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but it is unclear which of its subregions are abnormal in ASD. This study compared the volume and functional connectivity (FC) strength of three FC-defined amygdala subregions between ASD and controls, and assessed their relation to social skills in…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Interpersonal Competence, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Sheen, Mercedes; AlJassmi, Maryam A.; Jordan, Timothy R. – Teaching of Psychology, 2017
This study compares the traditional use of case studies against the novel use of discussion boards to teach naive students in the United Arab Emirates about anxiety disorders. Sixty-six female students from an abnormal psychology class were randomly assigned to either the case study condition (CSC) or the discussion board condition (DBC). Students…
Descriptors: Emotional Disturbances, Comparative Analysis, Case Studies, Foreign Countries
Carré, Arnaud; Chevallier, Coralie; Robel, Laurence; Barry, Caroline; Maria, Anne-Solène; Pouga, Lydia; Philippe, Anne; Pinabel, François; Berthoz, Sylvie – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
Abnormal functioning of primary brain systems that express and modulate basic emotional drives are increasingly considered to underlie mental disorders including autism spectrum disorders. We hypothesized that ASD are characterized by disruptions in the primary systems involved in the motivation for social bonding. Twenty adults with ASD were…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Comparative Analysis, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Mak-Fan, Kathleen M.; Morris, Drew; Vidal, Julie; Anagnostou, Evdokia; Roberts, Wendy; Taylor, Margot J. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2013
Recent research suggests that brain development follows an abnormal trajectory in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The current study examined changes in diffusivity with age within defined white matter tracts in a group of typically developing children and a group of children with an ASD, aged 6 to 14 years. Age by group interactions…
Descriptors: Brain, Children, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Lincoln, Alan J.; Searcy, Yvonne M.; Jones, Wendy; Lord, Catherine – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2007
Objective: Autistic disorder (AD) and Williams syndrome (WS) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by contrasting abnormal social behavior (the former, socially avoidant; the latter, outwardly social); nonetheless, there are individuals with WS who display some behaviors that are characteristic of AD. We quantified the extent to which…
Descriptors: Social Behavior, Interpersonal Relationship, Interaction, Discriminant Analysis
Kleinhans, Natalia M.; Richards, Todd; Greenson, Jessica; Dawson, Geraldine; Aylward, Elizabeth – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Abnormal fMRI habituation in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has been proposed as a critical component in social impairment. This study investigated habituation to fearful faces and houses in ASD and whether fMRI measures of brain activity discriminate between ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Two identical fMRI runs presenting masked…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Antisocial Behavior, Human Body
Peer reviewed
Campbell, Thomas F.; Dollaghan, Christine A.; Rockette, Howard E.; Paradise, Jack L.; Feldman, Heidi M.; Shriberg, Lawrence D.; Sabo, Diane L.; Kurs-Lasky, Marcia – Child Development, 2003
Compared 100 three-year-olds with speech delay of unknown origin and 539 same-age peers with respect to 6 speech disorder variables; also examined abnormal hearing in a subset of 279 children. Found significant odds ratios only for low maternal education, male sex, and positive family history; a child with all 3 factors was 7.71 times as likely to…
Descriptors: At Risk Persons, Child Language, Comparative Analysis, Delayed Speech
Rommelse, Nanda N. J.; Peters, Cindy T. R.; Oosterling, Iris J.; Visser, Janne C.; Bons, Danielle; van Steijn, Daphne J.; Draaisma, Jos; van der Gaag, Rutger-Jan; Buitelaar, Jan. K. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
The aims of the current study were to examine whether early growth abnormalities are (a) comparable in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other childhood psychiatric disorders, and (b) specific to the brain or generalized to the whole body. Head circumference, height, and weight were measured during the first 19 months of life in 129 children…
Descriptors: Autism, Children, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Human Body
Hanaie, Ryuzo; Mohri, Ikuko; Kagitani-Shimono, Kuriko; Tachibana, Masaya; Matsuzaki, Junko; Watanabe, Yoshiyuki; Fujita, Norihiko; Taniike, Masako – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
In addition to social and communicative deficits, many studies have reported motor deficits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study investigated the macro and microstructural properties of the corpus callosum (CC) of 18 children with ASD and 12 typically developing controls using diffusion tensor imaging tractography. We aimed to explore…
Descriptors: Brain, Comparative Analysis, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Wong, Virginia C. N.; Fung, Cecilia K. Y.; Wong, Polly T. Y. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Data from 1,261 Chinese Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) patients were evaluated and categorized into dysmorphic (10.79%) and non-dysmorphic groups (89.21%) upon physical examination by the presence of dysmorphic features. Abnormal MRI/CT result, IQ scores and epilepsy were significantly associated with the dysmorphic group of ASD children.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Classification