This article examines the enduring importance of handwriting in the early republic of Colombia. Colonial practice informed writing instruction but Colombians re-established it in national terms from the 1820s onward. Teaching writing became a critical tool of state formation: an ideal republic of virtuous functionaries depended on uniform…

The reflections presented in this article include the process of incorporating women teachers into schools during the post-revolutionary period in Mexico. From one standpoint, women teachers lived in a state of ambiguity throughout this period because they were seen as symbols of national reconstruction following a war that left more than one…

This article rescues a series of texts produced by schoolteachers between 1820 and 1890 in order to comply with the ruling educational authority's request for the elaboration of reports on their institutions. These documents are located in the General Public Instruction collection of the Archivo Historico del Distrito Federal. The schoolteachers'…