Under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), some districts are required to consult with tribal governments on the development of their education plans. This practice brief is intended to serve as an overview of district-level ESEA tribal consultation requirements and as guidance for local education agencies (LEAs). This brief does not discuss state-level consultation for Title I, Part A planning or how ESEA applies to schools that fall under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Secretary of the Interior and the U.S. Bureau of Indian Education.