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Direct linkDavid J. Francis; Paulina A. Kulesz – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2026
A general consensus exists that disabilities are harder to treat in older students and improvements are harder to demonstrate on standardized tests. This study used advanced psychometric modeling and computer simulation to examine factors affecting the sensitivity of the Gates-MacGinitie Reading Test to intervention effects in low ability, middle…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Reading Tests, Students with Disabilities, Middle School Students
Download full textKhalaf, Shiva; Santi, Kristi L.; Kulesz, Paulina A.; Bunta, Ferenc; Francis, David J. – Grantee Submission, 2019
This study investigated the dimensionality of bilingual phonological awareness (PA) in English and Spanish by replicating a kindergarten model in Grade 1, and presents alternatives to modeling clustered data. English and Spanish tasks were analyzed from previously collected samples totaling 1,586 first grade Spanish-speaking English learners. Four…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Phonological Awareness, Spanish Speaking, Grade 1
Santi, Kristi L.; Khalaf, Shiva; Bunta, Ferenc; Rojas, Raúl; Francis, David J. – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2019
This article examines the validity of IQ-achievement discrepancy and low achievement as criteria for the identification of disabilities in Spanish-speaking English-language learners (ELs) and the factors that moderate the validity of these approaches as bases for identification. While there has been a long history of examining the validity of…
Descriptors: Intelligence Quotient, Spanish Speaking, English Language Learners, Identification
Moving Forward by Looking Back: Understanding Why Some Spanish-Speaking English Learners Fall Behind
Rojas, Raúl; Hiebert, Lindsey; Gusewski, Svenja; Francis, David J. – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2019
This study investigated early indicators of Spanish-speaking English learners (ELs) at risk for reading difficulties at the end of Grade 2 by examining their early bilingual oral language development, taking into account language of academic instruction. Standardized measures of reading and narrative samples were collected in English and Spanish…
Descriptors: Spanish Speaking, Educational Indicators, Bilingualism, Oral Language
Francis, David J.; Rojas, Raúl; Gusewski, Svenja; Santi, Kristi L.; Khalaf, Shiva; Hiebert, Lindsey; Bunta, Ferenc – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2019
Articles in this issue examine (1) the primary sources of variability in reading and language achievement among Spanish-speaking English learners (ELs) in the United States, (2) the extent to which poor performance at the end of grade 2 is identifiable in developmental trajectories beginning in kindergarten, (3) the relations among core reading…
Descriptors: Spanish, English (Second Language), English Language Learners, Reading Achievement
Francis, David J.; Rojas, Raúl; Gusewski, Svenja; Santi, Kristi L.; Khalaf, Shiva; Hiebert, Lindsey; Bunta, Ferenc – Grantee Submission, 2019
Articles in this issue examine (1) the primary sources of variability in reading and language achievement among Spanish-speaking English learners (ELs) in the United States, (2) the extent to which poor performance at the end of grade 2 is identifiable in developmental trajectories beginning in kindergarten, (3) the relations among core reading…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Bilingual Students, Reading Difficulties, Language Impairments
Moving Forward by Looking Back: Understanding Why Some Spanish-Speaking English Learners Fall Behind
Rojas, Raúl; Hiebert, Lindsey; Gusewski, Svenja; Francis, David J. – Grantee Submission, 2019
This study investigated early indicators of Spanish-speaking English learners (ELs) at risk for reading difficulties at the end of Grade 2 by examining their early bilingual oral language development, taking into account language of academic instruction. Standardized measures of reading and narrative samples were collected in English and Spanish…
Descriptors: Spanish Speaking, Educational Indicators, Bilingualism, Oral Language
Santi, Kristi L.; Khalaf, Shiva; Bunta, Ferenc; Rojas, Raúl; Francis, David J. – Grantee Submission, 2019
This article examines the validity of IQ-achievement discrepancy and low-achievement as criteria for the identification of disabilities in Spanish-speaking ELs and the factors that moderate the validity of these approaches as bases for identification. While there has been a long history of examining the validity of different approaches to…
Descriptors: Intelligence Quotient, Spanish Speaking, English Language Learners, Disability Identification
