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Kaplan, Avi; Cromley, Jennifer; Perez, Tony; Dai, Ting; Mara, Kyle; Balsai, Michael – Educational Researcher, 2020
In this commentary, we complement other constructive critiques of educational randomized control trials (RCTs) by calling attention to the commonly ignored role of context in causal mechanisms undergirding educational phenomena. We argue that evidence for the central role of context in causal mechanisms challenges the assumption that RCT findings…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Educational Research, Randomized Controlled Trials, Causal Models
Kaplan, Avi; Cromley, Jennifer; Perez, Tony; Dai, Ting; Mara, Kyle; Balsai, Michael – Grantee Submission, 2020
In this commentary, we complement other constructive critiques of educational randomized control trials (RCTs) by calling attention to the commonly ignored role of context in causal mechanisms undergirding educational phenomena. We argue that evidence for the central role of context in causal mechanisms challenges the assumption that RCT findings…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Educational Research, Randomized Controlled Trials, Causal Models
Cromley, Jennifer G.; Perez, Tony; Kaplan, Avi; Dai, Ting; Mara, Kyle; Balsai, Michael J. – Grantee Submission, 2020
Students' success in undergraduate STEM courses requires effective studying behavior, but also the motivation to enact it. Promoting students' achievement in STEM has commonly focused on either study strategies (cognitive) or motivational interventions; we hypothesized that combinations of these would be more effective. Using a Learning Management…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, STEM Education, Academic Achievement, Study Habits
Perez, Tony; Dai, Ting; Kaplan, Avi; Cromley, Jennifer G.; Brooks, Wanda D.; White, Arianna C.; Mara, Kyle R.; Balsai, Michael J. – Grantee Submission, 2019
Expectancy-value theory highlights the roles of students' expectancies, task values, and perceived costs in their motivation and achievement. While ample research has highlighted the positive associations of expectancy beliefs and task values with academic achievement, research on students' perceived costs is in its infancy. We investigated the…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Biology, Science Achievement, Beliefs
Cromley, Jennifer G.; Perez, Tony; Kaplan, Avi – Grantee Submission, 2016
Student cognition and motivation, as well as institutional policies, determine student course grades and retention in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors. Regarding cognition, study skills relate to course grades, and grades relate to retention in STEM. Several aspects of motivation are related to both grades and…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, STEM Education, Science Achievement, Academic Persistence