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Nave, Bill; Miech, Edward; Mosteller, Frederick – Phi Delta Kappan, 2000
Little empirical evidence suggests a causal link between standards and enhanced student learning. This article defines types of standards, presents five theories of action, discusses reforms in Maine and Philadelphia, and summarizes two small case studies suggesting how standards can affect everyday student learning. (Contains 25 references.) (MLH)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Case Studies, Elementary Secondary Education