In this country report on Turkey, Abdurrahman Hendek provides a clear, comprehensive and up-to-date account of religious eduction (RE) in Turkey. A state which seeks to be both 'religious' and 'secular' is a useful corrective to those thinking of the two as opposites and illustrates the Commission on RE's stress on the importance of interrogating the meaning of such terms in different contexts. Fascinating in itself, the Turkish situation provokes questions of interest beyond the Turkish context. How much should the religion of the majority dominate the curriculum? How can RE in school recognise diversity within traditions as well as across them? Which traditions should be included, and when? How far should RE inculcate the values determined by the government to be 'national' values? What does an RE that is 'objective, critical and pluralistic' look like? The recent decisions on Turkey by the European Commission on Human Rights discussed in the Report are certainly relevant to discussions elsewhere on the topic of parental rights of withdrawal.