In post-16 education and training, a variety of ways of delivering citizenship have been developed according to the needs of the learners and the settings to which they belong--school, college, work based learning or youth and community groups. Qualifications or certification often feature in these approaches because organisations want to find ways of recognising and accrediting achievement. Young people benefit from the citizenship activities they have been involved in and gain added value from a certificate or a qualification. The case studies contained in this booklet demonstrate some of the creative and innovative ways organisations have found to link citizenship activity to existing programme requirements or qualifications. (Contains 13 endnotes.) [This booklet was published by the Learning Skills Network on behalf of the Quality Improvement Agency. For approach 1, "Learner Voice and Representation," see ED498634.]